Matter
What are the states of matter?
solid, liquid, gas, plasma
What are most elements classified as on the periodic table?
Metals
What bond is made between a metal and nonmetal?
Ionic bond
What side of a chemical equation do you find the products and reactants?
Products: right
Reactants: left
What element is also known as an alpha particle?
Helium
What's the difference between a homogenous and heterogeneous mixture?
Homogeneous: evenly mixed, difficult if not impossible to separate
Heterogeneous: not evenly mixed, little energy to separate
What group on the periodic table is the least reactive?
Group 18, Noble Gasses
What type of compounds requires the use of prefixes when writing the name?
Covalent compounds
Name the 5 reaction types?
Synthesis, Single replacement, Double replacement, Decomposition, Combustion
What is an isotope?
Atoms with the same number of protons in the nucleus but a different number of neutrons.
What's the difference between a compound and a molecule?
Compound: combination of different elements that have new and unique characteristics
Molecule: a combination of 2 identical atoms
What are the horizontal and vertical row on the periodic table called?
Horizontal: periods
Verticle: groups
What is the name of Si2S7?
Disilicon heptasulfide
What is the relationship between pH and pOH in a solution?
pH + pOH = 14
What are the two types of nuclear reactions that can occur in the nucleus of an atom? Give an example where each is found or how it is used.
Fission & Fusion
Fission: Nuclear reactors
Fusion: The sun
Give one real world example of a physical and chemical change.
Chemical change: anything burning, rusting, chemical reaction
Physical change: ice melting, water boiling, paper tearing, wood splitting, glass breaking
What particle(s) make up the atomic number? What particle(s) make up the atomic mass?
Atomic number: protons
Atomic mass: protons + neutrons
What is the name of the compound CaF2?
Calcium fluoride
When you mix and acid and a base in a neutralization reaction, what products will you get?
A salt and water (H2O)
What are the three types of radioactive decay? Which is most intense? Which is the least intense?
Alpha, Beta, Gamma
Most: Gamma
Least: Alpha
What makes sublimation and deposition unique?
They both skip the liquid phase in their phase change.
Sublimation: solid to gas (dry ice CO2)
Deposition: gas to solid (water vapor to frost)
What do groups and periods tell us about an element?
Groups: Valence electrons
Periods: Energy levels
What is the difference between covalent and ionic bonds?
Covalent bonds: atoms share valence electrons
Ionic bonds: atoms gain or lose valence electrons to create ions
What do acids and bases produce when dissolved in water?
Acids: H+ (Hydrogen ions)
Bases: OH- (Hydroxide ions)
What is a half-life?
The time it takes for half of a radioactive sample to decay.