Types of Sampling
placing a number of points within an area and determining the number of points that meet the quota
What is Point Sampling?
a square frame placed on the ground to examine the organisms found within
What is quadrat?
When is it best to use a questionnaire? What is a limitation of this sampling method?
A questionnaire is best used when collecting information about social issues, receiving quantitative, or qualitative data. A limitation of this strategy includes your responses having bias.
D = 1 - Σ(n/N)^2
used to calculate biodiversity
What is Simpson's Index
information that is collected by the researcher. (e.g. rainfall collected daily and
recorded)
What is Primary Data?
also know as transect sampling; when data is collected along a straight line
What is Line Sampling?
a sampling technique used to collect organisms using hidden buckets in the ground
What is Pitfall Traps?
When is it best to a pitfall trap? What are the benefits of using this method?
A pitfall trap is best used for trying to sample insects that are active on the ground. Benefits include: inexpensive, easy to use, and longevity.
N = (n1 * n2) / m2
used to estimate population size
What is Lincoln's Index?
data that is collected by somebody else in a separate investigation. (e.g. climate data from the local airport).
What is Secondary Data?
samples are based on drawing random names/numbers out a hat or using a computer to generate a random list
What is Random Sampling?
a stretched cloth that catches falling organisms when the vegetation is shaken
What is Beating Trays?
List some benefits and limitations of a Sweep Net
Benefits: Inexpensive, Simple Method (anyone can do)
Limitations: Physically Exhaustive
(Number of quadrants in which the species is found/Total number of quadrants) * 100
What is Percent Frequency Equation?
questions that allow a person to give a free-form answer with details and opinions
What is Open Question?
involves choosing a sample based on regular intervals rather than random selection
What is Systematic Sampling?
when a sample of a population is collected and tagged and then released for later recapture
What is Capture-Mark-Release?
Benefits of a Quadrat
Benefits: Easy, Quick to work with
scale for measuring species abundance using the categories of abundant, common, frequent, occasionally, rare, and none
What is ACFOR Scale?
organisms that do not move such as plants or rocky shore species like barnacle
What is Sedentary?
a method of sampling that involves separating members of a population into smaller samples
What is Stratified Sampling?
a method for collecting invertebrates from rivers and streams by disturbing the riverbed and catching the dislodged organisms in a net
What is Kick Sampling?
List a benefit and limitation of Capture-Mark-Release.
Benefits: Non-lethal Sampling, Tracking individuals
Limitations: Stress on organisms
Gianna wants to identify how many blue-eyed lemurs occupy a small jungle near her town. What formula should she use?
What is Lincoln Index?
the cloudiness or haziness of the water; how clear the water is
What is (Water) Turbidity?