Principles of Natural Selection
This is one principle of natural selection?
What is:
adaptation
descent with modification
overproduction of offspring
variation
These structures are similar body parts that might have different functions, but that scientists suspect come from similar DNA and most likely indicate a common ancestor. Arms and flippers of humans and dolphins.
What are homologous structures?
Flowers and bees both benefit from this pattern of evolution
What is coevolution?
The study of prehistoric life through the fossil record
What is paleontology?
Snakes are most closely related to these organisms on this phylogenetic tree
What are lizards?
Polar bears often give birth to twins. This is an example of this principle of natural selection.
What is Overproduction of offspring
These sturctures are body parts that look similar and may have similar functions but have a different structure. They most likely do not form from similar DNA or have a common ancestor. Wings of birds, butterflies, and bats.
What are analogous structures?
An example of this pattern of evolution is birds, bats, and butterflies all having wings however they are not related.
What is convergent evolution?
The study of geographic distribution of organisms.
What is biogeography?
The horizontal line indicates that this has happened
What is extinction of a species?
Ostriches have an adaptation to run faster than their predators. Some ostriches run slower than others. Over time, more ostriches will be able to outrun the dingoes. This is a demonstration of this principle of natural selection
What is descent with modification?
Sometimes species evolve and they don’t need a certain body part anymore, but that body part stays in their anatomy. The pelvic bone in whales are examples of this type of structure.
What is a vestigial structure?
The pattern of evolution where peppered moths evolved gradually to have the population include darker individuals.
What is gradualism?
Similarities in the embryos of vertebrates early in development suggests ________________ among vertebrates
This group of organisms diverged first
What are lampreys?
The ultimate source of this is mutation
What is variation?
This is an example of a vestigial structure in humans.
What is goosebumps, Darwin's point, tonsils, appendix, wisdom teeth, split in upper lip and many other examples.
The dodos are all gone.
What is extinction?
In biochemistry, analyzing these two macromolecules shows evidence of evolution.
What is DNA and proteins?
Bears, seals, and sea lions all share this trait
What is a short tail?
Crabs have pinchers for self defense. This is an example of this principle of natural selection.
What is adaptation?
Sharks and dolphins have dorsal fins to help maintain stability in the water. This is an example of this type of structure.
What are analogous structures.
This pattern of evolution where new species formed due to isolation.
This is studying the form or anatomy of living things
What is morphology?
These two phylogenetic trees are the same