Show:
Types of Nucleic Acid
Nucleotides: Building Blocks of Nucleic Acids
Primary Nucleic Acid Structure
DNA Double Helix
Replication of DNA Molecules
100
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
100
What are the five nucleotide bases and there one letter abbreviation?
Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), Uracil (U), Adenine (A), Guanine (G)
100
What kind of bond links together nucleotide units?
Sugar Phosphate Bond
100
What is the complementary base of A and what is the complementary base of C?
A-T C-G
100
How many chromosomes does a normal human have?
46
200
What does RNA stand for?
Ribonucleic Acid
200
A 3-subunit molecule in which a __________ is bonded to a ____________ and a nitrogen containing a heteropcyclic base.
Pentose Suger and Phosphate group
200
What distinguishes DNA molecules from one another and RNA molecules from one another?
The sequence of bases attached to the sugar backbone.
200
What kind of bonds hold together base pairs?
Hydrogen bonds
200
What enzyme unwinds the DNA double helix?
DNA Helicase
300
What two places in the cell is DNA found in?
Nucleus and Mitocondria
300
What are the two different pentose sugars? One is found in RNA and the other is found in DNA.
Deoxyribose and Ribose
300
What subunit is located at the 3' end and what subunit is located at the 5' end?
At the 3' end is a Phosphate group and at the 5' end is a hydroxyl group.
300
If A was 35% then what would the percentages of T, G, and C?
T = 35% G = 15% C = 15%
300
What are the 3 enzymes involved in DNA replication?
DNA helicase DNA polymerase DNA ligase
400
What is the primary functions of RNA?
To make proteins
400
What two groups are the 5 nitrogen- containing heterocyclic bases categorized as?
Pyrimidine and Purine
400
What is the difference between DNA and RNA?
RNA has one heterocyclic base, while DNA has one cyclic base.
400
What is the complementary strand of 3' AGCTTCAG 5'?
5' TCGAAGTC 3'
400
What does a daughter molecule contain?
A parent molecule and one new molecule
500
Define nucleic acid.
A polymer in which the monomer units are nucleotides.
500
What charge does a hydrogen phosphate ion carry when under cellular pH conditions?
-2 (negative)
500
What bond connects the nucleotides (3',5')?
Phosphoester bond
500
If hydrogen bonds are so weak, why doesn't our DNA unwind?
Our DNA does not unwind because there are so many base pairs which gives the hydrogen bonds a greater magnitude.
500
What do histones do for the long DNA molecule?
They are proteins that provide a stable arrangement for the DNA double helix to wrap itself around.