Punctuation
British scientists James Watson and Francis Crick won the Nobel Prize in part for their 1953 paper announcing the double helix structure of __________ it is misleading to say that Watson and Crick discovered the double helix.
a) DNA, but
B) DNA:
C) DNA. Because
D) DNA,
A) DNA, but
Writing __________ invented in Sumer around 3200 BCE, marking the beginning of recorded history.
a) have been
B) was
C) were being
D) are
B) Was
The storm caused widespread damage to the town. ____, the community rallied together to rebuild and support each other.
A) Additionally
B) Moreover
C) Instead
D) Furthermore
D) Furthermore
Lê Lương Minh became the thirteenth secretary-general of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in January 2013, making _______ the first time the organization would appoint a Vietnamese leader.
A) these
B) those
C) this
D) some
C) this
What punctuation joins together 2 complete sentences? (name all)
A) semicolon (;)
B) ,FANBOYS
C) comma (,)
D) period (.)
A, B, and D
The warrior hoisted his ruby-hilted sword, ________ it in the air, and slew the ugly dragon.
A) will twirl
B) twirl
C) Twirled
D) to twirl
C) Twirled
The team had trained hard for the championship match. ____, they were defeated by their underdog opponents.
A) Additionally
B) However
C) Consequently
D) Therefore
B) However
When they were first introduced to western Europe from Byzantium in the eleventh century, table forks were met with much resistance. The Bishop of Ostia, St. Peter Damian, condemned the eating utensils because he considered _______ dangerous and unnecessary luxury items.
A) them
B) this
C) that
D) it
A) them
Even though its crocodilian jaws are fragile and incapable of eating a large animal, the Gharial still evokes a powerful ___________.
a) emotion, terror
B) emotion terror
C) emotion— terror
D) emotion; terror
C) emotion— terror
Despite of all the obstacles she ___________ was determined to achieve her goals.
A) faced Maria
B) faced; Maria
C) faced: Maria
D) faced, Maria
D) faced, Maria
Awarded a Newbery Medal, Doll Bones _____ the story of three children's quest to return a haunted doll to its proper grave site.
a) are
B) is
C) were
D) have been
B) is
Although novels and poems are considered distinct literary forms, many authors have created hybrid works that incorporate elements of both. Bernardine Evaristo’s The Emperor's Babe, _______ is a verse novel, a book-length narrative complete with characters and a plot but conveyed in short, crisp lines of poetry rather than prose.
A) by contrast,
B) consequently,
C) secondly,
D) for example,
D) for example,
Scientists believe that, unlike most other species of barnacle, turtle barnacles (Chelonibia testudinari) can dissolve the cement-like secretions they use to attach _______ to a sea turtle shell, enabling the barnacles to move short distances across the shell’s surface.
A) it
B) themselves
C) them
D) itself
B) themselves
Chinese cuisine is like both science and ___________ experimentation, trial-and-error, and years of experience.
a) art— it requires—
B) art: it requires
C) art, it requires
D) art it requires
B) art: it requires
The classic children’s board game Chutes and Ladders is a version of an ancient Nepalese game, Paramapada Sopanapata. In both games, players encounter “good” or “bad” spaces while traveling along a path; landing on one of the good spaces _______ a player to skip ahead and arrive closer to the end goal.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
A) allows
B) are allowing
C) have allowed
D) allow
A) allows
At two weeks old, the time their critical socialization period begins, wolves can smell but cannot yet see or hear. Domesticated dogs, _______ can see, hear, and smell by the end of two weeks. This relative lack of sensory input may help explain why wolves behave so differently around humans than dogs do: from a very young age, wolves are more wary and less exploratory.
A) in other words,
B) for instance,
C) by contrast,
D) accordingly,
C) by contrast,
British scientists James Watson and Francis Crick won the Nobel Prize in part for their 1953 paper announcing the double helix structure of DNA, but it is misleading to say that Watson and Crick discovered the double helix. _______ findings were based on a famous X-ray image of DNA fibers, “Photo 51,” developed by X-ray crystallographer Rosalind Franklin and her graduate student Raymond Gosling.
A) They’re
B) It’s
C) Their
D) Its
C) Their
In 1943, in the midst of World War II, mathematics professor Grace Hopper was recruited by the US military to help the war effort by solving complex equations. Hopper’s subsequent career would involve more than just _______ as a pioneering computer programmer, Hopper would help usher in the digital age.
A) equations, though:
B) equations, though,
C) equations. Though,
D) equations though
A) equations, though:
After discovering that children who grow up on farms are less likely to suffer from asthma and allergies, researchers is trying to isolate the compounds in farm dust that lead to this protection
a) No Change
B) tries
C) has tried
D) are trying
D) Are trying
Researchers Helena Mihaljević-Brandt, Lucía Santamaría, and Marco Tullney report that while mathematicians may have traditionally worked alone, evidence points to a shift in the opposite direction. _______ mathematicians are choosing to collaborate with their peers—a trend illustrated by a rise in the number of mathematics publications credited to multiple authors.
A) Similarly,
B) For this reason,
C) Furthermore,
D) Increasingly,
D) Increasingly,
Public-awareness campaigns about the need to reduce single-use plastics can be successful, says researcher Kim Borg of Monash University in Australia, when these campaigns give consumers a choice: for example, Japan achieved a 40 percent reduction in plastic-bag use after cashiers were instructed to ask customers whether _______ wanted a bag.
A) they
B) one
C) you
D) it
A) they
Biographer Michael Gorra notes that the novelist Henry James “lived in a world of second thoughts,” frequently tinkering with his novels and stories after their initial publication. However, the differences between the 1881 first edition and the 1908 edition of his novel A Portrait of a Lady are extreme, even by James’s standards; _______ some critics regard the two editions as two different novels altogether.
A) by contrast,
B) in fact,
C) nevertheless,
D) in other words,
B) in fact,