Biology
Genetics
Neuroscience
Immunology
Random
200
Name 2 common techniques used in cancer biology
western blot, flow cytometry, qPCR, immunofluorescence
200
What is the process by which RNA is made from DNA?
Transcription
200
What is the name of the cells in the brain that transmit electrical signals?
Neurons
200
What is an antigen?
-A foreign substance, often a protein or carbohydrate, that is found on the surface of pathogens like bacteria and viruses
-Self cells display self antigens
-Non-self cells display foreign antigens → Immune response
200
A pH of 11-12 is considered
Basic
400
Using the red cabbage indicator, a very acidic solution would turn what color?
bright pink
400
Provide 2 reasons why studying DNA/genetics is important
1. Medical/disease
2. Forensic science
3. Population genetics
4. Genetic testing
5. Evolution
6. Agriculture
400
What makes neurons different from other cell types in the brain?
permanently post-mitotic
400
What is the difference between innate versus adaptive immunity?
Innate: Fast (minutes to hours) and Non-specific
Adaptive: Recognize antigen specific to the pathogen, Need help from innate cells to see pathogen-related proteins, Slow (days), Build immunologic memory to respond faster if you see the threat again.
(Need at least 1 per category)
400
pH is a measure of which ion concentration
Hydrogen [+]
600
What happens/who is treated during a phase II clinical trial?
Patients with Condition to be treated (looking at effectiveness and dosing)
600
How many types of amino acids are there?
20
600
What are dendrites?
receiving parts of neuron, highly branched
600
Name 1 cell from adaptive and 1 cell from innate immune system
innate: Dendritic, macrophage, neutrophil, mast cell, basophil, NK
adaptive: B cell, T cell
600
What is the name of the key enzyme that replicates the DNA in the PCR reaction?
DNA Polymerase
800
Name 3 hallmarks of cancer
800
What are the four bases in RNA and DNA?
DNA-A/T/G/C
RNA-A/U/G/C
Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine, Uracil
800
Some nerves are wrapped in ____ and between these segments are the __________ which allows electrical impulses to travel more quickly.
Myelin
Nodes of Ranvier
800
Name 3 ways of disease transmission
aerosol, droplet, fomite, physical contact, transfusion, enteric, vector, vertical
800
Which scientist from MD Anderson won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine?
Answer: James P. Allison
Bonus: Checkpoint blockade (immunotherapy)
Bonus: 2018