What are the most abundant elements of the atmosphere?
nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (21%)
200
What happens at a transform plate boundary?
They slide past each other causing earthquakes
200
How does kinetic energy differ from potential energy?
kinetic energy is the energy of motion, while potential energy is stored energy
200
How does temperature/heat affect the kinetic energy of an object?
the higher the temperature (more heat added), the faster the particles move, the more kinetic energy in an object
300
What processes cause sedimentary rocks to form?
weathering, erosion, deposition and compaction
300
What are the two most abundant elements of the hydrosphere?
oxygen and hydrogen
300
What forms at a convergent plate boundary?
folded mountains and volcanoes
300
Can an object have both potential and kinetic energy at the same time? Give an example to support your answer.
Yes - a roller coaster has both potential and kinetic energy as it travels through a loop de loop or up and down a smaller hill
300
What is conduction? Give an example.
the transfer of heat through the direct contact (touching) of objects - a metal spoon in a bowl of soup, frying an egg
400
The crust belongs to which layer of Earth?
the lithosphere
400
What are the most abundant elements of the lithosphere?
oxygen and silicon
400
What occurs at a divergent plate boundary?
mid-ocean ridges where new crust is formed
400
What are the six different forms of energy?
mechanical, electrical, light (radiant), thermal, sound, and chemical
400
What is convection? Give an example.
the transfer of heat by a convection current (cycle) within a liquid (water) or gas (air) - a rising hot air balloon, circulation of heat within a room
500
Which slow-moving layer of the Earth is responsible for moving the tectonic plates?
the asthenosphere
500
What are the abundant elements of the biosphere?
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus (CHON CaP)
500
What occurs at a subduction zone?
a convergent plate slides under another convergent plate causing volcanoes and trenches to form
500
What forms of energy are present in a car's headlight?
electrical, radiant (light) and thermal
500
What is radiation? Give an example.
the transfer of heat through waves without the direct contact (touching) of two objects - the sun's energy to the earth, feeling heat from a fire