100 : T/F
TRUE OR FALSE
Positive symptoms of Schizophrenia include hallucinations and delusions
TRUE
TRUE OR FALSE
Individuals who have psychotic disorders perceive the world in a different way from how others perceive it.
TRUE
TRUE OR FALSE
Anhedonia refers to a decrease in motivated self-initiated purposeful activities.
FALSE
TRUE OR FALSE
Moving away from uncomfortable positions is a common catatonic behavior.
FALSE
TRUE OR FALSE
In Firth’s study of cognitive explanation, delusional thinking is a positive symptom.
TRUE
Belief that the person is being compared against or pursued by others who intend to harm them?
A. Jealous
B. Grandiose
C. Erotomanic
D. Persecutory
D. Persecutory
What does DSM-5 stand for?
A. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 5th edition
B. Diagnostic and Standards Medicine, 5th edition
C. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition
D. Diagnostic and Statistics Manual, 5th edition
A. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 5th edition
Which organization publishes the DSM-5?
A. American Psychological Society
B. American Psychiatry Association
C. American Psychiatric Association
D. National Institute of Health
C. American Psychiatric Association
Which of these is considered a negative symptom of schizophrenia?
A. Asocial
B. Hallucinations
C. Disorganized Thoughts
D. Delusions
A. Asocial
A 25-year-old man is brought to a clinic by his family due to his decreased verbal communication. Also, he responds to questions with minimal speech. Which of the following contributes to his symptoms?
A. Avolition
B. Anhedonia
C. Alogia
D. Asocial
C. Alogia
CBT is a ____ designed to help people change through recognising thoughts which underlie their behavior.
TALKING THERAPY
It can be schizophrenia when at least one of the ___ ___ and a possible ___ ___ is present.
POSITIVE SYMPTOMS
NEGATIVE SYMPTOMS
Asocial refers to the apparent lack of interest in ___ ___ and may be associated with avolition.
SOCIAL INTERACTION
Affective flattening is a lack of ___ ___ such as frown or smile.
VISIBLE RESPONSE
Delusions is a ____ individuals hold which are not based in reality
BELIEFS
Name 2 treatments of Schizophrenia
ECT, CBT, Typical and atypical antipsychotics
What is Catatonic Behaviour?
The person may not react to things in the environment and remain rigid while engaging in constant repetitive movements.
Occurs when in a manic or depressive state?
Mood-congruent
Happens without a particular mood’s influence?
Mood-incongruent
What is the minimum duration of symptoms required for a diagnosis of schizophrenia?
6 months
Mention and explain the 2 biological explanations of schizophrenia and delusional disorder.
Genetic : twin study
50% of monozygotic twins [identical] had a shared schizophrenic status, but that concordance was much lower in dizygotic twins [fraternal] twins around 9%
Environmental pressures also play an important role in triggering the onset of schizophrenia and related disorder
Biochemical : excessive dopamine activity may be linked to positive symptoms, while some research suggests that decrease dopamine activity in the prefrontal cortex of schizo patients may correlate with negative symptoms
Mention 2 cons of ECT.
Affects the central nervous system and cardiovascular system
Temporary memory loss
Lasting neurological damage
Possible death
Explain what happens after one and two or three weeks after taking antipsychotic drugs.
One week
Patients appear to be less hostile and agitated
Two or three weeks
Diminished all the positive symptoms
Explain the cognitive explanation of schizophrenia.
Faulty mental processes
Abnormality of self-monitoring:
Fail to recognise that their perceived hallucinations are just inner speech
Incoherent speech as a symptom performed worst at the task, which may be linked to memory and attention difficulties
Positive symptom: delusional thinking - arise from a misinterpretation of perception
Negative symptom : lack of action - difficulty in generating spontaneous actions
Mention 3 positive and negative symptoms that John experiences.
John Doe is a 24-year-old male who recently moved back in with his parents after dropping out of college. He has been experiencing unusual behaviors and emotions that have become more apparent over the past year. He sometimes speaks sentences that are incoherent, jumping from one topic to another, although not that often since he speaks very little, lacking the ability to engage in meaningful conversations. His family reports that he’s no longer as active as he used to be, and shows little to no interest doing the things he used to love. He often withdraws from social situations, such as social gatherings. John also often hears voices, mostly negative ones, making him believe that he is worthless. Sometimes, these voices make him believe weird things, like that his neighbors are watching him through hidden cameras in his house, even though there’s no evidence to support this.
Hallucination
Delusion
Disorganized speech
Anhedonia
Alogia
Social withdrawal