Neurotransmitters
The two primary NTs associated with neurochemical abnormalities in schizophrenia patients
What are Dopamine and Glutamate?
This category of schizophrenia risk factors includes prenatal complications and social stressors (e.g. trauma, bullying, and poor housing conditions).
What are environmental causes/factors?
First generation antipsychotics do not reduce this category of symptoms.
What are negative symptoms?
Normally absent, symptoms in this category are present in people with schizophrenia.
What are Positive Symptoms?
The most common side effect of FGAs.
What is TD?
or
What is tardive dyskinesia?
Excessive release of this neurotransmitter is associated with hallucinations and cognitive deficits.
What is Glutamate?
Responsible for the positive symptoms of schizophrenia
What is increased DA?
A partial agonist at DA receptors that reduces both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia
What is Abilify
or
What are third generation antipsychotics?
There are 4 types of this symptom: Paranoid, grandiose, referential, and somatic.
What are Delusions?
These two groups of children are prescribed antipsychotics at a rate 4.5x higher than normal
Who are children in foster care & children covered by Medicaid?
The 3 additional NTs that FGAs block.
What are Acetylcholine, norepinephrine, and histamine?
The 5 brain areas with reduced volume in schizophrenic patients
What are the...
-temporal lobe
-hippocampus
-limbic system
-basal ganglia
-frontal lobe
Second generation antipsychotics block these receptors, preventing motor side effects.
What are Serotonin 2A receptors?
Schizophrenia symptoms include these 3 cognitive impairments.
What are poor executive functioning, impaired working memory, and trouble focusing?
Antipsychotics are also prescribed to treat these 5 conditions.
What are depression, anxiety, insomnia, ADHD, and dementia?