Comorbidity and risk factors
Many patients with schizophrenia do this, which also can affect medication metabolism.
What is smoking?
About 60% use nicotine.
This is the presence of something that should not be present.
These nursing actions would be necessary for patients experiencing poor hygiene.
What would be concisely and explicitly identifying expected hygiene, having patient try out each action, and provide positive reinforcement for each success?
This class primarily affect positive symptoms but have little effect on negative symptoms.
What are FGAs?
typical antipsychotics such as haloperidol
Clozaril would be discontinued if a patient developed these physical symptoms.
What is sore throat and fever?
These indicate signs of an infectious process, and underlying agranulocytosis.
This unique behavior can cause hyponatremia in patients with schizophrenia.
What is polydipsia?
Polydipsia, the compulsive drinking of fluids, can lead to coma or death.
These are the subtle or obvious impairments in memory, attention, thinking, judgement, or problem solving.
What are cognitive symptoms?
These nursing interventions would be indicated when patients are nonadherent.
What are establishing trust, involving the patient, exploring concerns, changing medication times to bedtime, conveying instructions in a clear and confident manner, and tying the treatment to the patient's own goals. For example, a patient may not agree to take the medication for an illness, but if he believes it will quiet the voices or help him keep his job (his goal), then he may see the value in the medication.
This is the time to achieve desired effects from antipsychotics.
What is 2 to 6 weeks?
This type of alteration in behavior causes a profound decrease in movement warranting total assistance with ADLs and medical management.
What is catatonia?
This neurotransmitter plays a significant role in psychosis.
What is dopamine?
These are examples of affective symptoms.
What are difficulties expressing emotions or mood?
This may include erratic, labile, or unstable behaviors. It could also include depression.
This could be done if a patient cheeks, or pretends, to take a PO medication.
What is addressing underlying reasons for not taking the medication, switching to a liquid or dissolvable pill, or offering a LAI?
After failure of first line agents, this medication may be offered.
What is clozaril?
This is the goal of social skills training.
What is how to communicate and establish relationships?
Negative symptoms correlate with this prognosis.
This is the absence of something that should be present.
What are negative symptoms?
The patient with schizophrenia may be at a higher risk for falls. This could be done to mitigate their fall risk.
What is walking with the patient to assess their gait, assessing for orthostatic hypotension from antipsychotics, locating the patient's room closer to the nurse's station, and encouraging the patient to look up when walking?
What are SGAs?
Clozaril, Abilify
Michael states that he is a famous leader who built the Great Wall of China.
What is "You seem to wish you could be more powerful."
The onset of schizophrenia tends to occur at this age in women.
What is around 25 to 35 years of age?
This phase includes subtle changes in behavior.
What is the prodromal stage?
This could be done or said to encourage a patient who avoids interaction with peers.
What is actively conveying acceptance;
regularly engage with the patient and interact on low anxiety topics;
offer encouragement to attend groups without pressure; i.e., "We would love to see you at group"
Reinforce when steps taken toward interaction "It was nice to see you in morning meeting"
What is benztropine (Cogentin) or trihexyphenidyl (Artane)?
Melissa states that a neighbor's daughter has "been trying to hurt her and implanted listening devices in her apartment." How do you respond?
What is never debating the delusional content, supportively convey doubt where appropriate..."although it is frightening for you, it would be hard for a girl that small to hurt you." Set limits on the amount of time you will talk about them the delusions and help the patient identify triggers for delusions and find ways to avoid such triggers or reduce associated anxiety.