History
This 19th-century German psychiatrist first coined the term “dementia praecox,” which later evolved into the concept of schizophrenia
Emil Kraepelin?
This type of hallucination is the most common in schizophrenia, often involving hearing voices others do not hear.
auditory hallucinations
This major medical manual, first published in 1952, officially recognized schizophrenia as a distinct psychiatric diagnosis in the U.S.
DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders)
The first antipsychotic medication, introduced in the 1950s, revolutionized treatment for schizophrenia.
chlorpromazine (Thorazine)?
When a client is experiencing auditory hallucinations, the nurse should use this therapeutic technique to help them distinguish reality.
reality orientation
Before it was known as schizophrenia, this term was commonly used to describe the disorder in the late 1800s.
dementia praecox?
This term describes the lack of motivation or inability to initiate and persist in goal-directed activities.
avolition
According to DSM-5, this is the minimum number of characteristic symptoms (e.g., delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech) required for a diagnosis of schizophrenia.
two
This controversial early treatment for schizophrenia involved cutting connections in the brain’s frontal lobe.
lobotomy
The nurse should monitor this major side effect of antipsychotic medications, characterized by fever, muscle rigidity, and altered mental status.
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
his ancient civilization believed that mental illness, including schizophrenia-like symptoms, was caused by supernatural forces or possession.
Ancient Egypt?
This term refers to the inability to experience pleasure, often seen as a negative symptom in schizophrenia.
anhedonia
According to the DSM-5, the duration of continuous signs of disturbance must be present for at least this amount of time.
six months
Before modern medicine, individuals with schizophrenia were often sent to these long-term facilities.
asylums
Before initiating clozapine, the nurse must ensure this lab value is within normal range due to risk of agranulocytosis.
white blood cell (WBC) count or absolute neutrophil count (ANC)
The dopamine hypothesis, which became popular in the 1960s and 1970s, suggests that schizophrenia is related to excess activity of this neurotransmitter.
dopamine
This symptom refers to a noticeable decrease in speech output, even when encouraged to interact.
alogia
This phase of schizophrenia, marked by active psychotic symptoms, is required for at least one month to meet DSM-5 criteria.
active phase
This type of therapy helps individuals with schizophrenia challenge delusional thinking and develop coping skills.
cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)
This side effect of antipsychotics includes tremors, muscle stiffness, and drooling, and is treated with anticholinergic medications.
extrapyramidal symptoms
This international health organization classifies schizophrenia as one of the top 15 causes of disability worldwide.
World Health Organization (WHO)
This term describes holding unusual or unrealistic beliefs about one’s importance, power, or identity.
grandiose delusion
This diagnosis is ruled out before confirming schizophrenia if mood symptoms are predominant during the psychotic episode.
schizoaffective disorder
This type of long-acting medication is injected monthly or biweekly to improve adherence in schizophrenia treatment.
long-acting injectable antipsychotics
When a patient is showing paranoid delusions, the nurse should avoid this type of behavior, which may be misinterpreted as threatening.
excessive eye contact or sudden movements