Classroom Language
"What did you do over your Winter Break?" is an example of this aspect of classroom language.
What is decontextualized language?
Phonological awareness, print concepts, alphabetic knowledge, and literate language combine to build this skill.
What is "emergent literacy?"
These two complementary skills are required for skilled reading (according to the Simple View of Reading).
What are "word recognition (reading accuracy)" and "(reading) comprehension?"
Language learning disabilities are not caused by deficits in these primary body systems.
What are sensory (vision, hearing, etc.) and motor systems?
This type of story consists of labeling events around a central theme, character, or setting without a plot.
What is a "Sequence Story"
The length of exposure in years that it takes an English Language Learner to develop understanding and use of academic English.
What is 5 - 10 years?
Although they may learn to speak without instruction, humans must be explicitly taught literacy for this reason.
Oral language uses innate biological functions, while written language uses an arbitrary rules to assign symbols to meaning.
Verbal reasoning composes one strand of this braid in Scarborough's (2003) Reading Rope?
What is language comprehension?
This is the area of general knowledge in which children with language learning disabilities may fall further and further behind their peers simply because they can't gain information from reading.
What is "background knowledge?"
Of event structure and story schema, this part contributes to story grammar differences between cultures.
What is "story schema?"
This aspect of academic talk is characterized by the Initiate - Response - Evaluate cycle of extended discourse about a single topic, controlled by the teacher.
What is the "hidden curriculum?"
Adults may share this item with children to enrich their emergent literacy knowledge.
What is "a book?"
A child who has poor language comprehension but good word recognition has this type of reading deficit.
What is a specific comprehension deficit?
Difficulty following complex directions, word retrieval challenges, and restricted understanding of multiple meaning words represents language learning disability in this area of language.
What is semantics (or content)?
This is the story grammar element missing from the true episode sequence: Initiating Event, _____, Action, Consequence (Landing), Resolution (Wrap-up).
What is "Plan?"
An SLP who collaborates with homeroom teachers to instruct all students in a classroom on phonological awareness is acting at this level of Response-to-Intervention.
What is Tier 1?
Assessing this aspect of emergent literacy provides insight into a child's later reading achievement.
What is "phonological awareness?"
This is the grade level of children who will achieve phonological analysis and synthesis in single words in the stage of reading development described as Decoding by Chall (1983).
What is 1st and 2nd grades?
This is the area of language impacted by a child's difficulty understanding the difference between "The dog chased the boy." and "The boy chased the dog."
What is syntactics (or form)?
This is the age at which character and setting are mastered in narratives.
What is 3 years old?
Literate oral language contributes to this early education goal.
What is "emergent literacy?"
Rather than a goal or outcome, emergent literacy is best described as this.
What is "a process?"
An SLP who provides language therapy that includes oral language focused on curricular content is building this reading skill.
What is reading comprehension?
These are two areas of delay for children with language learning disabilities that are outside typical form, content, and use patterns.
What are attention-memory development, social-emotional skills, and executive function?
Unlike narratives, this type of discourse, which develops through college age, provides explanations and descriptions.
What is expository discourse?