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100
Which statement best describes the role of gene expression in cells? a) Cells destroy the DNA of genes that they do not use. b) To become specialized, cells need to control the production of proteins coded for in their DNA. c) All genetic information in a cell's DNA is fully expressed at all times. d) When cells divide in mitosis, they pass on only the genes that are required.
What is b) To become specialized, cells need to control the production of proteins coded for in their DNA.
100
After which event has evolution has occurred? a) A new predator comes into an environment. b) An allele frequency in a population changes over time. c) An animal’s white winter coat is replaced by a darker coat in the spring. d) An individual is born with six fingers on one hand instead of five.
What is b) An allele frequency in a population changes over time.
100
All organisms on earth require a source of energy to live. ATP is the fuel that powers all the activities of cells on earth. Which statement best describes how ferns, people, and flatworms obtain energy? a) Ferns produce glucose that can be broken down by cellular respiration, while flatworms and people digest foods containing glucose for use in cellular respiration. b) Ferns and flatworms absorb food from their surroundings, while people must digest food found in their surroundings. c) Ferns produce ATP during photosynthesis, while flatworms and people produce ATP during digestion. d) Producers such as ferns do not require a source of energy, while flatworms and humans must consume food for energy.
What is a) Ferns produce glucose that can be broken down by cellular respiration, while flatworms and people digest foods containing glucose for use in cellular respiration.
100
What is the difference between the life cycle of ferns and the life cycle of humans? a) Plants have a two-part life cycle, spending part of their life in a diploid phase and part in a multicellular haploid phase. Humans spend their lives in a diploid phase and produce gametes that are haploid. b) Plants have a one-part life cycle and are entirely diploid. Humans spend their lives in a haploid phase. c) Plants have a one-part life cycle and are entirely haploid. Humans have a two-part life cycle, spending part of their life in a diploid phase and part in a multicellular haploid phase. d) Different plants have a different number of phases in their life cycle. Humans always have two phases in their life cycle.
What is a) Plants have a two-part life cycle, spending part of their life in a diploid phase and part in a multicellular haploid phase. Humans spend their lives in a diploid phase and produce gametes that are haploid.
200
Scientists can insert a gene into a bacterium. How does this biotechnology help individuals with diabetes? a) When the bacterium reproduces, it passes the gene for human insulin to its offspring. The offspring form a colony of bacteria that contain the gene for human insulin, which can then be used to produce insulin for a person with diabetes. b) The insertion of a gene into a bacterium allows scientists to modify the gene that regulates insulin production. The new gene for human insulin can then be reinserted into someone who has diabetes. c) The bacterium itself can be used as a treatment for a person with diabetes because it can deliver the genes for human insulin to that person’s cells. d) A person with diabetes can regulate insulin production by eating products that contain the special bacterium and the new gene.
What is a) When the bacterium reproduces, it passes the gene for human insulin to its offspring. The offspring form a colony of bacteria that contain the gene for human insulin, which can then be used to produce insulin for a person with diabetes.
200
Which situation would most likely result in evolution? a) A green parrot has an allele for green feathers and an allele for blue feathers. b) A butterfly predator sees yellow more easily than it does green, and a population of butterflies includes both phenotypes. c) A large population continues to grow larger. d) A single individual dies in a large population.
What is b) A butterfly predator sees yellow more easily than it does green, and a population of butterflies includes both phenotypes.
200
Which statement best describes the differences in how flatworms and people remove waste from their body? a) Flatworms store waste in their bodies until they die. People remove waste through kidneys and lungs. b) Flatworms release carbon dioxide directly from the skin, and use a simple digestive system to remove liquid waste. People use lungs to remove carbon dioxide, and have developed complex excretory and digestive systems to remove waste. c) Flatworms do not need to remove carbon dioxide from their body, and do not have a system to remove solid or liquid waste. Humans continually remove carbon dioxide and liquid waste from their body.
What is b) Flatworms release carbon dioxide directly from the skin, and use a simple digestive system to remove liquid waste. People use lungs to remove carbon dioxide, and have developed complex excretory and digestive systems to remove waste.
200
The human immune system uses a variety of means to defend the body from pathogens. Which elements are parts of the human immune system? a) skin, neurons, muscle cells, and pancreas b) white blood cells and red blood cells c) skin, lymph nodes, white blood cells, and spleen d) mucous, urine, and kidneys
What is c) skin, lymph nodes, white blood cells, and spleen
300
Cells in your hair follicles produce the protein keratin, but cells in your liver do not produce keratin. Which statement explains these differences? a) Genes are expressed differently in liver cells and hair follicles. b) Hair follicles contain recombinant DNA, which creates the protein keratin. c) Hair follicle cells contain different genes from liver cells. d) Hair follicle cells do not produce DNA, but liver cells do.
What is a) Genes are expressed differently in liver cells and hair follicles.
300
A bat wing, an alligator leg, and a human arm are homologous structures. Which fact about those structures best supports one aspect of theory of evolution? a) The fact that the bone structures are completely different supports the concept that those organisms shared a common ancestor. b) The fact that the bone structures are similar supports the concept that the animals shared a common ancestor. c) The fact that the bone structures are similar supports the concept that birds evolved from mammals.
What is b) The fact that the bone structures are similar supports the concept that the animals shared a common ancestor.
300
Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between plants and oxygen? a) Plants do not need oxygen because they use carbon dioxide in cellular respiration. b) Plants do not need oxygen because they do not undergo cellular respiration. c) Plants do not need oxygen from the air because they produce it during photosynthesis. d) Plants produce oxygen during photosynthesis, and they also need oxygen gas from the air for cellular respiration.
What is d) Plants produce oxygen during photosynthesis, and they also need oxygen gas from the air for cellular respiration.
300
Which abiotic factor is found in a desert? a) a top predator b) a snake c) a primary consumer d) none of the above
What is d) none of the above
400
A developing human embryo produces a special type of hemoglobin that you do not find in the blood of an infant, child, or adult. Which statement best explains how this can be? a) An embryo and an adult have different genes for hemoglobin. b) Humans have genes for different types of hemoglobin, and they are expressed at different times. c) Human genes change slowly as a person ages. d) As the embryo develops and cells differentiate, certain genes are lost.
What is b) Humans have genes for different types of hemoglobin, and they are expressed at different times.
400
An organism discovered during a recent underwater expedition to the Great Barrier Reef in Australia is multicellular, has chloroplasts, and is made up of eukaryotic cells. In which domain would you place this organism? a) Bacteria b) Eukarya c) Animalia d) Archaea
What is b) Eukarya
400
In response to a stimulus such as pain, a neuron sends a signal to the brain using __________. a) myosin and actin b) electrical signals and chemical neurotransmitters c) contraction and relaxation d) respiration and absorption
What is b) electrical signals and chemical neurotransmitters
400
What was the result of the overhunting of sea otters along the Pacific Coast? a) The sea otters on the Pacific Coast went extinct. b) The sea urchin population expanded and consumed the kelp and damaged the habitat. c) The kelp grew rapidly and created new habitat for fish. d) The sea urchin population was reduced to dangerous levels.
What is b) The sea urchin population expanded and consumed the kelp and damaged the habitat.
500
At which steps do cells control gene expression? a) transcription, translation, and the formation of the final protein b) transcription, mitosis, and DNA replication c) mitosis, meiosis, and the formation of the final protein d) interphase, prophase, and metaphase
What is a) transcription, translation, and the formation of the final protein
500
Plants, people, and flatworms share which of the following characteristics? a) They all undergo photosynthesis. b) They all use a muscular system for movement. c) They all have a digestive system that breaks down food. d) They all exchange gases with the environment.
What is d) They all exchange gases with the environment.
500
What happens inside muscles when they contract? a) Myosin heads attach to and move along actin-binding sites. b) Actin produces myosin and ATP. c) Calcium produces contractions. d) Calcium combines with ATP to produce sarcomeres.
What is a) Myosin heads attach to and move along actin-binding sites.
500
What are the levels of the biosphere from smallest to largest, left to right? a)individual—population—community—ecosystem—biome b)ecosystem—individual—population—biome—community c)individual—population—biome—community—ecosystem d)ecosystem—biome—community—population—individual
What is a)individual—population—community—ecosystem—biome