Matter and Atomic Theory
This term describes anything that has mass and volume.
What is matter?
This is the smallest particle of an element that still retains that element’s properties.
What is an atom?
These vertical columns on the periodic table contain elements with similar properties.
What are groups (or families)?
This type of pure substance is made of more than one kind of element chemically joined together.
What is a compound?
These two measurements describe how much matter something contains and how much space it occupies.
What are mass and volume?
These three subatomic particles make up all atoms.
This scientist is credited with creating the first widely recognized periodic table in 1869.
Who is Dmitri Mendeleev
In this type of compound, atoms share electrons to form molecules.
What is a covalent compound?
This type of substance contains only one kind of matter and cannot be broken down into simpler substances.
What is an element?
This physicist proposed that electrons orbit the nucleus in specific paths and cannot exist between orbits.
Who is Niels Bohr?
These elements make up about 80% of the periodic table and are shiny, malleable, and good conductors.
What are metals?
This process occurs when a metal transfers electrons to a non‑metal, forming positive and negative ions.
What is ionic bonding?
This ancient philosopher argued that matter was made of four elements: earth, air, water, and fire.
Who is Empedocles?
This model states that electrons move randomly in electron clouds rather than in fixed orbits.
What is the quantum mechanical model?
This group of elements has seven valence electrons and tends to gain one electron to become stable.
What are the halogens?
This structure describes the repeating pattern of positive and negative ions in a solid ionic compound.
What is an ionic lattice?
This scientist proposed that atoms are tiny, indivisible particles and that each element has its own kind of atom.
Who is John Dalton?
This number is found by subtracting the atomic number from the mass number of an element.
What is the number of neutrons?
This property describes how easily an element forms compounds, and it depends on how strongly the nucleus holds onto electrons.
What is chemical reactivity?
When naming this type of compound, prefixes such as mono‑, di‑, and tri‑ are used to show the number of atoms.
What are covalent compounds.