Vocabulary
What is boiling?
When all the particles of a liquid are heated up, causing them to turn to gas.
What is freezing?
What is solubility?
When there's low kinetic energy in an object or substance and gets so cold it turns into a solid.
The ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent.
3 Primary natural states of matter
solid, liquid, gas
Law of Conservation of mass
Matter can be neither created nor destroyed
Why is the force of gravity important to scientists?
it helps scientists learn about matter, mass, and weight.
What is condensation?
When water collects as droplets on a cold surface when humid air touches it.
What is mass?
What is sublimation?
The amount of matter or substance that makes up an object.
When a solid turns into a gas without turning into a liquid before.
Physical characteristics of 3 primary states of matter
solid - definite shape and volume
liquid - indefinite shape and definite volume
gas - indefinite shape and volume
Difference between physical and chemical changes
Physical - Changes how it looks, now what it is.
Chemical - changes what it is.
Why is it important for scientists to identify substances by their properties?
Because scientists don't always have the answer of a certain substance, and need to know what is in front of them. It also helps them use their properties to know or experiment with other substances.
What is density?
How much a substance is compacted into an object.
What is matter?
What is vaporization?
Something that takes up space and can be weighed.
The conversion of a liquid or solid into a gas. If the conditions lets vapor bubbles form in the liquid, then it's called boiling.
How particles behave in the states of matter
solid - particles are tightly packed together and vibrate
liquid - particles are loosely packed and slide against each other
gas - particles are not attached and bump against each other freely
How temperature and kinetic energy are related
What is evaporation?
When a liquid turns into gas below the boiling point. Just the surface of the liquid heats up, causing the liquid to turn to gas.
What is meniscus?
What is volume?
An inward or outward curve of a liquid that's close to the surface of the container due to surface tension.
The amount of space an object/substance takes up.
Which units are used to identify different forms of measurement?
Mass - kg
Temp. - K
Length - m
Endothermic vs Exothermic
Endothermic - gaining of kinetic energy
Exothermic - loss of kinetic energy (Exiting)
What is reactivity?
What is weight?
When a substance goes through a chemical reaction with another substance. It cannot go back to it's original form.
How heavy something is. It is affected by gravity.
Boyle's law and Charles law
Boyle: law saying that the pressure and volume of a gas have an inverse relationship
Charles': law saying volume used by a certain amount of gas is proportional to its temperature if the pressure stays the same
Difference between weight and mass
weight is how heavy something is, and mass is how much matter is inside something.