Engineering and Systems
What's the difference between an input and an output?
An input is something coming in to a system and an output is something coming out
True or false: When brainstorming, you should think of as many ideas as you can without evaluating them
True!
What is the scientific definition of a cell?
The smallest unit of life
Give an example of an organ
Brain, heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, etc.
What is a gene?
A short piece of DNA
What's the difference between engineering and science?
Engineers solve problems, scientists learn information
Name an item created by using the engineering design process
Any item that helps solve a problem
What is an organism called when it has one cell or many cells?
Unicellular or multicellular
Name the two plant organ systems
Shoot system and root system
What four letters make up all of the DNA code?
A T C G
What are the five engineering design concerns?
Resource availability, consumer demands, environmental concerns, production costs, safety concerns
What's the difference between criteria and constraints?
Want vs. need
What organelle is the "brain" or control center of a cell?
The nucleus
What is a tissue?
A group of cells working together for the same function
How many chromosomes do humans have?
46, 23 pairs
How is a pencil technology?
It solves a problem to help you write
Why is an engineering design problem different from a regular problem?
An engineering design problem tells the solution, not what's wrong
Name one difference between eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells
Eukaryotic cells have more organelles, a nucleus, are bigger and more complex. Prokaryotic cells are smaller and simpler, no nucleus, less organelles.
How do the respiratory and circulatory/cardiovascular systems connect?
The respiratory system takes in oxygen and the circulatory system delivers it around the body
What's the difference between genotype and phenotype?
Genotype means the genes and phenotype is how something looks
Why is a biosphere a closed system?
There's no matter coming in from the outside world, only energy
What are two reasons why a design should be tested multiple times?
To make sure that the first test wasn't from random chance, and to give more accurate results
What are the three parts that all cells have?
Cell membrane, cytoplasm, and genetic material/DNA
What are the two categories of all animals and the two categories of all plants?
Vertebrate and invertebrate, vascular and nonvascular
What does Aa mean?
One dominant allele and one recessive allele