Pathogens & Germs
What is a pathogen?
A microorganism that carries/spreads disease.
What is the body's first line of defence?
Physical defences (skin, tears, etc)
What are white blood cells?
A type of blood cell that defends the body against infection and disease.
Name one way germs spread.
Airborne (sneezing, coughing, etc); Waterborne; Contact
What is a vaccine?
Injections (shots), liquids, pills, or nasal sprays that you take to teach your body's immune system to recognize and defend against harmful germ
Name one type of pathogen.
Bacteria; Virus; Prion; Fungi; Protist
How does skin protect you?
It prevents pathogens from directly entering your body.
What do white blood cells do?
Attack/fight pathogens inside the body.
How does handwashing help to prevent the spread of germs?
Soap kills the germs on your hands which help to prevent the spread.
Identify one healthy habit that will help reduce/prevent the spread of disease.
Many answers.
What do we call tiny living things that make us sick?
Name a body part that traps germs.
Nose (hairs); thorat (mucus); hair
What are antibodies?
Proteins produced by the immune system that remember antigens and develop immunity against disease.
What is a carrier?
An organism that has/spreads germs without showing signs of disease.
Why is sleep important?
Sleeping helps your body to repair itself - including cell repair, DNA repair, clearing waste from the brain.
True or false: a virus is alive.
False - virus need a host to survive (other cells)
What does stomach acid do?
Destroys pathogens that enter the stomach.
What does it mean to be immune?
Your body builds resistance to a pathogen/disease and prevents or reduces illness.
Why cough into your elbow?
To prevent the germs from your cough from being sprayed into the air.
What is hygiene?
A set of practices that promote and maintain good health and prevent the spread of disease
What is the difference between a virus and bacteria?
Bacteria are single-celled organisms (alive); viruses are infectious particles that need host cells to replicate (non-living).
What does your body make to fight infection?
Antibodies.
Why does your body respond faster the second time to a pathogen?
What is the difference between direct & indirect contact?
Direct contact: when you directly touch a person and spread disease.
Indirect contact: when germs are on a surface (ex: doorknob) and spread when another person touches the surface.
Why should a person finish all their antibiotics?
To ensure all pathogens have been eliminated and the illness doesn't return.