Ch. 5 Earthquakes
The block of rock that lies below an inclined fault plane
Fault Plane
Large and wide volcanoes
Shield
Traits are inherited from ________ to _________.
Parent, Offspring
What is it called when an organism inherits two of the same genes? BB or bb.
Homozygous
Vast library of rocks, sediments and fossils that preserves evidence of Earth’s history over billions of years is called what?
Geologic Record
How many poles are in a magnet?
2
Fastest waves which travel through solids and liquids. They arrive first.
P Waves
Steeper sloped volcano, but it is a mix of the other two types.
Composite
Give an example of a recessive trait
Dimples, blue/ gray eyes, hitchhikers thumb
What does codominance look like if a chicken has black and white parents?
Black and white speckles.
Preserved remains or evidence of ancient living things are called?
Fossils
Fill in the blank. A south pole ____________ a south pole.
A crack on Earth’s surface where plates grind and bump.
Fault Line
Only active for a short time, these volcanoes are steep, small and explosive. Creates a cone shape.
Cinder Cone Volcanoes
Give an example of a dominant trait.
Brown hair, brown eyes, dimples, widow's Peak Hairline.
What is it called when an organism inherits two separate genes? Bb
Heterozygous
Another name for layers of rock.
Strata
Give an example of a metal that is non magnetic.
Aluminum, copper, lead, gold, silver, brass.
What are the two scales used to measure earthquakes?
Richter and Mercalli
What 3 products can come from a volcanic eruption?
Gas, Ash, Lava
In a Punnett square, where is the dad?
The top
All organisms have these in their cells which determine anything from an organism's shape to life funtions
Genes
Put these units of time in order from oldest to youngest. Era, Epoch, Eon, Period.
___________ is a tool that has a magnet on a needle, and always points north.
Compass
Waves only travel through solids. Cause the ground to shake up and down.
S-Waves
Cinder cone volcanoes usually have what type of eruptions? (either violent eruptions or long flowing lava that spills out)
Violent Eruptions
In a pedigree, how do you know two people reproduced?
A horizontal line
A combination of genes inherited from both parents is called a? Example is Bb.
Genotype
Determining the age of rock by studying the order of strata and what fossils they contain is called?
Relative Dating
Which bodily system helps us breathe?
Respiratory
An instrument that is used to measure earthquake waves.
Seismograph
Shield volcanoes usually have what type of eruptions? (either violent eruptions or long flowing lava that spills out)
Long flowy lava
The study of heredity is called what?
Genetics
Who was the father of genetics that laid the foundation for genetics by experimenting with pea plants?
Gregor Mendel
Measures the exact age of a rock or fossil, in millions or billions of years. This radioactively measures the rate of decay of elements inside and it is called what?
Absolute Dating
Like charges ________ and opposite charges _________.
repel, attract.
Point on Earth’s surface directly above the location of an earthquake.
Epicenter
More viscosity (thickness) = more or less violent eruptions?
More Violence
The passing of traits is called _________.
Heredity
How many individual Chromosomes do humans have?
46
A type of fossil formed when the soft parts of an organism, such as leaves or skin, decompose and leave behind a thin film of carbon on rock
Carbon Film
The buildup of electrical charges that create a field is known as ________ electricity.
Static
Point inside Earth where an earthquake begins.
Higher silica content = more or less viscosity?
More Viscosity
In a pedigree, if a shape is shaded, what does that mean?
That individual shows the trait.
How many pairs of Chromosomes do humans have?
23
Evidence of the activities or behaviors of living organisms, not the preserved remains. Examples are burrows, footprints and trails
Trace Fossil
What creates the Earth's magnetic field?
The Earth's Core
A geometric method that uses three locations to track the exact location of an Earthquake.
Triangulation
Composite
Comparing left and right, where are the oldest and youngest on a pedigree?
Oldest on the left, youngest on the right.
Coiled strands of DNA are called?
Chromosomes
The principle that when one thing is placed above another, and they behave the same way. Oldest on the bottom, youngest on the top.
Superposition
Groups of cells, tissues and organs that fight diseases in your body are known as the _________ system.
Immune
The hanging wall moves down compared to the footwall (divergent boundary, caused by tension)
Normal Fault
Paracutin is which type of volcano?
Cinder-Cone
What do the Roman Numerals on the left side of a pedigree mean?
Generations
When the trait lies on the X chromosome, can men, women or both be carriers of the trait?
Only women can be carriers.
A break, or missing part of a rock layer due to erosion. It screws up the rock.
Unconformity
How many kidneys do you have?