Science

Unit 1

100

Which statement includes an everyday use of the word theory?

Dan has a theory about why the computer will not work.

200

If solar panels are placed under the sun at noon, then they will produce more energy than solar panels placed in the sun at dawn.

What needs to be added to this statement to make it a hypothesis?

an explanation

300

I.    Brian watches sunspots using a telescope.
II.    Emma does research to determine if the mass of the moon affects its distance from Earth.
III.    Miyako researches the effects of distant stars on bird behavior.

Which of the activities contains an example of science?

II and III

Unit 2

100

• amoeba
• bacteria
• pine tree
• kangaroo

Which option correctly describes a similarity between the organisms?

They are all living organisms made of one or more cells.

200

Which option contains a true statement about cell theory?

• Louis Pasteur did an experiment that proved new cells come from existing, living cells.Louis Pasteur did an experiment that proved new cells come from existing, living cells. ,  ,
• Louis Pasteur did an experiment that proved new cells come from the rotting remains of organisms.Louis Pasteur did an experiment that proved new cells come from the rotting remains of organisms. ,  ,
• Theodor Schwann did an experiment that proved new cells come from existing, living cells.Theodor Schwann did an experiment that proved new cells come from existing, living cells. ,  ,
• Theodor Schwann did an experiment that proved new cells come from the rotting remains of organisms.

Louis Pasteur did an experiment that proved new cells come from existing, living cells.

300

Mitochondria act as the _[blank 1]_ of the cell. Mitochondria break down the food molecules and _[blank 2]_. Mitochondria have _[blank 3]_ surrounding them.

blank 1: power plants
blank 2: produce energy
blank 3: two membranes

Unit 3

100

If Sally has earlobes that are attached to the side of her head. Sally has two _[blank 1]_ that cause her to have attached earlobes. Sally has obtained these from her _[blank 2]_.

blank 1: alleles
blank 2: parents

200

When Mendel first crossed a tall pea plant with a short pea plant, the offspring were always tall. When Mendel crossed the offspring with each other, the second-generation offspring had some short plants.

What conclusion can be drawn from this observation?

There is a 25% chance that any second-generation plant will be short.

300

Which observation led Mendel to the idea that parents passed only part of their genes to offspring?

A tall plant could transfer alleles for a short plant to the offspring.

Unit 4

100

What can be said about living organisms and those in the fossil record?

Some organisms are much different from their ancestors in the fossil record, while other organisms have mostly stayed the same.

200

Which statement about life on Earth is correct?

Amphibians appeared earlier than mammals.

300

Which statement describes Hutton and Lyell’s work?

• Both Hutton and Lyell claimed that Earth was very old and changed very slowly over time.Both Hutton and Lyell claimed that Earth was very old and changed very slowly over time. ,

Unit 5

100

[Blank 1]_ are known at birth. _[blank 2]_ are learned later in life.

Blank 1: Innate behaviors
blank 2: Learned behaviors

200

In temperate regions, a lot of animals are active in daylight and inactive at night. This is _[blank 1]_ because daytime temperatures are warm, and animals can rely on their _[blank 2]_ to find food.

blank 1: a survival advantage
blank 2: sight

300

Which option describes why some bird species migrate?

Some birds migrate to avoid harsh winter and summer conditions. By migrating, birds can be in regions that experience mild winters and mild summers.