A toy store sells a toy called a jack-in-the-box. When the box opens, a clown comes out by the movement of a spring and produces a laughing sound by using the energy stored in a battery.
Which type of potential energy do the spring and battery have?
A The spring has elastic potential energy, and the battery has chemical potential energy.
Patrick is working with a corded drill. He observes that when he presses the trigger, the drill bit rotates and helps to drill a hole in the wall.
Which energy transformation is taking place in this process?
C electrical energy to mechanical energy
Which statement is an example of mutualism?
C A plover bird feeds on food stuck in a crocodile’s teeth, and the crocodile gets its teeth cleaned in the process.
Study the diagram of an energy pyramid for an environment.
What happens to energy as it moves up the pyramid?
B Energy availability decreases.
A student collects a soil sample from a prairie grassland. Which substance in the soil sample is classified as abiotic?
What type of weather is associated with Low Pressure systems? What type of weather is associated with High Pressure systems?
C rock particles
Low Pressure-Storms
High Pressure-Mild, Clear Skies
Which activity uses elastic potential energy?
Which person demonstrates gravitational potential energy?
B stretching a rubber band
A A boy sits at the top of a slide.
A ball is pushed off of a block of wood and falls toward the ground. The diagram shows the various positions (1, 2, 3, and 4) of the ball during its fall.
At which position will the ball possess the greatest speed?
Examine the diagram of the movement of a cart with four positions (W, X, Y, and Z) labeled, as shown.
At which position will the cart have the greatest amount of kinetic energy?
D position 4
D Z
Chameleons have clamp-like feet and long tongues. Many species of chameleons possess prehensile tails which are adapted to hold onto other objects. Some species of chameleons can change colors according to the colors of their surroundings.
Which characteristic is influenced by the environment?
D skin color
Use the diagram that shows a river basin food web to answer the question.
Which organism represents a producer?
Use the diagram that shows an energy pyramid to answer the question.
Which animal in the pyramid represents an herbivore?
B Live Oak
A grasshopper
The flathead catfish is an invasive predatory species of fish. What would be the effect of the introduction of the flathead catfish on the native fish in the rivers of the United States?
What happens to temperature as latitude increases?
As latitude increases, temperatures decrease.
Which type of energy in gasoline powers automobiles?
Four people are holding a ball of equal size and weight at four different heights (W, X, Y, and Z).
At which height will a ball have the most gravitational potential energy?
A chemical potential energy
A W
The table shows four moving objects with different masses and speeds.
Which object has the most kinetic energy?
Which factors affect the amount of kinetic energy of an object?
D Object 4
C speed and mass
The diagram shows a food chain.
How does the common toad receive nitrogen in the food chain?
The image shows an energy pyramid.
Which statement is true for the energy pyramid?
An invasive fish species feeds on suspended plankton and algae in water. Within its five-year lifespan a single fish produces about 5 million eggs, 100,000 of which reach adulthood.
How can the introduction of the invasive fish species affect the aquatic ecosystem?
A student draws a diagram representing some processes that happen due to the heat of the Sun in a coastal region.
Which process is taking place due to heat transfer by convection?
A student constructs a circuit using a bulb, battery, switch, and connecting wires, as shown.
The student closes the switch for 20 minutes, moves a hand over the bulb, and feels that it is hot. Which describes the flow of energy transformations observed in the circuit?
A
A bowling ball and baseball move at the same speed.
How does the kinetic energy of each ball compare, and why?
A The bowling ball has greater kinetic energy because it has more mass than the baseball.
Which diagram most accurately shows the flow of energy in an environment?
A
The image shows an energy pyramid.
Which level of the energy pyramid has the most energy?
A level R
What causes the formation of ocean currents?
Which statement best describes why sea breezes form?
A stone is placed in a thick rubber band. The rubber band is stretched and then released. The stone rises in the air and then falls down.
Which option correctly identifies an instance when potential energy is transformed into kinetic energy?
A releasing the rubber band
The Sun heats the surface of a road during the day. The arrows in the image show the direction of the movement of cold and hot air.
What are the modes of heat transfer involved?
C convection and radiation
Which process(es) allow(s) ocean currents like the Gulf Stream to move warm water around the world?
A student leaves a metal spoon in a mug of hot chocolate and answers the phone. When the student returns, the metal spoon is warm to the touch.
Which transfer of thermal energy occurs between the hot chocolate and the metal spoon?
A conduction
B convection
C electromagnetism
D radiation
D convection and radiation
A conduction
Reindeer in the Arctic feed on lichens during the cold winter season to obtain food energy. When the reindeer dig into the snow-covered ground to find lichens, they often uncover the burrows of small mammals (such as lemmings and voles) that live under the snow cover. The Arctic fox follows the reindeer and digs deeper in the snow to locate and eat its prey.
How is the relationship between the reindeer and the Arctic fox an example of commensalism?
Why does a convection current begin over the equatorial region?
Which properties of polar ocean water likely drive the movement of ocean currents around the globe?