science stuff
The central dark part of a shadow.
Umbra
when the moon casts a shadow on the sun
Solar eclipse
When the earth casts a shadow on the moon
Lunar Eclipse
the line on which an object rotates
Rotation axis
the path an object follows as it moves around another object
orbit
the lighter part of a shadow
Penumbra
when the eclipse is viewed from the penumbra
Partial solar eclipse
When only part of the moon in in the umbra
Partial lunar eclipse
A spinning motion
Rotation
The motion of one object around another
Revolution
the portion of the moon or a planet reflecting light as seen from the earth
phase
When viewing the eclipse from the umbra
Total solar eclipse
When the whole moon is in the umbra.
Total solar eclipse
when the earth's rotation axis is towards or away from the sun
solstice
When the earth's rotation axis is neither towards or away from the sun
equinox
6 months of 24hour sunlight
Midnight sun
6 months of 24hour night
polar night
week 1 of the lunar cycle
First Quarter moon
week 2 of the lunar cycle
full moon
week 3 of the lunar cycle
Third Quarter Moon
week 4 of the lunar cycle
New Moon
When the earth is 147 million km from the sun
Perihelion
when the moon is 152 million km from the sun
Aphelion
what phase is week 1 and 2 of the lunar cycle
Waxing
what phase is week 3 and 4 of the lunar cycle
waning