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Misc.
100
Describe one molecule of water and explain why water molecules tend to stick together.
Two positively charged hydrogen atoms are bonded to one negatively charged oxygen atom. Water molecules tend to stick together because water is a polar substance. The positive hydrogen end of one molecule attracts to the negative oxygen ends of nearby molecules.
100
What are three differences between the image viewed through the eyepiece of a microscope and the actual specimen?
Image appears larger, upside down & backwards.
100
How do the heating and cooling rates of sand and water compare?
Sand/Land absorbs and releases heat quickly. Water absorbs and releases heat slowly.
100
What causes thunder?
Thunder is the sound caused by lightning. The heat of lightning causes the air to expand (Ba) and contract (Boom). This summer, remember to get out of the water if you hear thunder!
100
What area of the Earth gets the most direct rays?
tropical zone
200
Why is the water at the beach on a hot summer day so much cooler than the sand?
Water has a high specific heat. It takes more energy to heat water than it does to heat sand.
200
How does increasing altitude affect air pressure and density?
As altitude increases, air pressure and density decreases.
200
Give one example of conduction, convection and radiation in your everyday life.
Radiation – heat from fireplace; Conduction – touch a hot pot; Convection – hot air vent
200
What causes the seasons?
The tilt of Earth’s axis causes part of the Earth to get more direct sunlight than other parts of the Earth at different points in its revolution. This causes the seasons.
200
What areas get rays that are most spread out?
polar zone
300
Describe the process of photosynthesis.
Plants make food(sugar) and oxygen by using the energy from the sun to combine water plus carbon dioxide.
300
Why is it difficult to breathe at the top of a mountain?
You take in less air, including oxygen, in each breath at higher altitudes. You need to breathe deeper or more rapidly to get the oxygen your body is used to.
300
What causes wind?
Unequal heating of Earth’s surface causes differences in air pressure. Differences in air pressure causes air molecules to move from an area of high pressure to lower pressure.
300
Why do the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience opposite seasons?
When the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the sun, the Southern Hemisphere is tilted away. During that time, the Northern Hemisphere gets more direct rays (summer) and the Southern Hemisphere gets rays that are more spread out (winter), causing opposite seasons.
300
What seasons are experienced when neither the N. or S. Hemispheres are tilted toward or away from the sun?
the start of Spring and Fall
400
How much of the Earth’s surface is covered by oceans?
71%
400
In what form does energy from the sun travel to Earth?
Radiation
400
Why do you feel hotter on a day with high relative humidity?
On a day with high relative humidity most of the space available for water vapor is already occupied. There isn’t much space available in the air for your sweat to evaporate. Evaporation is a cooling process. Since your sweat doesn’t evaporate, you are not cooled.
400
Describe sea breeze and land breeze diagrams.
Sea Breeze: Warm air rises from the land and cool air from the sea comes to take its place. Land Breeze: Warm air rises from the sea and cool air from the land comes to take its place.
400
What would be the difference between wet and dry bulb temperatures on a day with 100% relative humidity?
There would be NO DIFFERENCE.
500
How much of Earth’s water is fresh water? What makes up the majority of the fresh water?
3% of Earth’s water is fresh water. Most of the fresh water is frozen as ice (glaciers & icebergs) near the Poles.
500
Describe the greenhouse effect.
Energy from sun travels from sun, through the atmosphere & is absorbed and released by Earth’s surface. The atmosphere traps that heat!
500
What kind of weather is associated with a low air pressure system (“L”)? A high (“H”)?
“L” – cloudy, stormy/precipitation; “H” – fair weather/ clear skies
500
Extra points (double-click the + for this question if you get it right): Question – How does the amount of breakfast eaten affect the amount of time before hunger pains are felt? Independent Variable - ? Dependent Variable - ? Constants – 1. ? 2. ? 3.? 4.?
Independent Variable - amount of breakfast eaten Dependent Variable - amount of time before hunger pain is felt Constants – 1. type of food 2. same person 3. activity level 4. time breakfast is eaten, etc.
500
evaporation –
heat from sun causes surface water to change to a gas