Atoms
the positively charged particle in an atom
What is a proton?
The identity of an atom is determined by this number--the number of protons
What is the Atomic Number?
Properties include:
luster, mostly solids at room temperature, high boiling points, malleability, ductility
What are metals?
All matter consist of these
The type of bond that forms when electrons are shared between two atoms
What is a covalent bond?
The uncharged particle of an atom
What is a neutron?
The number that represents both the number of protons and number of neutrons in an atom
What is the atomic mass?
not malleable, not ductile, brittle, soft, not conductors of heat/electricity
What is a non-metal?
Who, in his Atomic Theory of Matter, proposed that all matter is made of atoms and that atoms are indivisible and indestructible?
Who is John Dalton?
The number that represents the number of atoms of elements held together by chemical bonds and is found in chemical formulas
If no number is present, it is assumed that this number is "1"
What is a subscript?
The center of the atoms that contains protons and neutrons
What is a nucleus?
Atoms of the same element that have a different number of neutrons (ex. Carbon-12 and Carbon-14)
What is an isotope?
Properties include:
solid at room temperature, can be shiny, can be brittle, not as dense as metals but denser than non-metals
What are metalloids?
Having discovered electrons, this scientist proposed the "plum pudding" atomic model.
Who is J.J. Thompson?
The type of chemical bond that forms between two atoms when electrons are transferred or given
What is an ionic bond?
The negatively charged particle that moves around outside the nucleus
What is an electron?
The row that an element is found on; also tells the number of electron clouds that an atom in this row has
(e.g. Row 4 menas 4 electron clouds)
What is the period?
Found on th right-hand side of the periodic table
What are nonmetals?
Who, in 1911, demonstrated the existence of a positively charged nucleus that contains nearly all the mass of the atom?
The chemical symbols and subscripts representing the elements and their ration in a molecule or compound
What is a chemical formula?
An atom that loses or gains one or more electrons
What is an ion?
The elements in a column that have similar reactivity; and, they are labeled by a number at the top of the column
Also called "families"
What is the group?
Found along the "stairs" of the periodic table
What are metalloids?
This model of the atom best represents our current understanding
What is the electron cloud model?
This produces new substances by changing the way in which atoms are arranged.
Bonds between atoms are broken and new bonds form between different atoms.
What is a chemical reaction?