Rock Cycle
What is the rock cycle?
the changing of rock through different kinds of weathering
What is mechanical weathering?
the process of breaking down rocks into smaller pieces through physical processes
What is chemical weathering?
Weathering that occurs that changes the actual substance of a rock
What is the difference between a solid, a gas, and a liquid?
A solid has a fixed shape and volume, a liquid has a fixed volume but takes the shape of its container, and a gas has neither a fixed shape nor volume.
What is a stalactite?
Stalactites are formations that hang from the ceiling of caves
What are the 3 main types of rocks in the rock cycle?
Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic
When water gets into rocks, freezes, and breaks the rocks apart.
What is oxidation?
Oxygen in the air combines with rocks to form new material that weakens the rocks.
What is photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen and glucose (sugar).
What is a stalagmite?
Stalagmites are formations that grow up from the cave floor.
How are igneous rocks formed?
Through the cooling and solidifications of magma or lava.
Explain how frost heaving works.
Frost heaving is when water gets underneath a rock, freezes, and pushes the rock further out of the ground.
How is carbonic acid formed?
When carbon dioxide dissolves into water.
What is the force that pulls objects toward the center of the Earth?
Gravity
What is a cave?
A cave is a natural underground space that is typically formed in rock or soil and can be large or small in size.
How are sedimentary rocks formed?
When sediments and remains of tiny living things harden and settle under great heat and pressure.
What is the difference between exfoliation and abrasion?
Exfoliation happens when sheets of rock peel away like layers, while abrasion is when rocks rub against each other.
What is one of the most common chemical compounds produced by fossil fuels?
Sulfur dioxide
Name the four states of matter...
Solid, liquid, gas, plasma
What is the name for people who enjoy exploring caves?
Spelunkers
Where are metamorphic rocks formed?
Below the Earth's crust
What causes the kind of mechanical weathering classified as "pressure release"?
When rocks are under great pressure, the pressure shifts, and rocks rapidly expand
What is one kind of chemical weathering caused by live organisms?
Lichens
What is the difference between condensation and evaporation?
Condensation is the change of a gas to a liquid, while evaporation is the change of a liquid to a gas.
True or False:
Crashing waves, wind, and running water all form caves by mechanical weathering?
True