DNA
What is the structure of DNA?
double helix
What is a trait?
inherited physical characteristic
What is heredity?
passing of traits from parents to offspring
What is a purebred organism?
shows same traits for many generations,
two copies of dominant form of gene or two copies of recessive form of gene
What is a chromosome?
bundle of DNA
What is DNA?
a molecule containing a genetic code made of base pairs
What is a recessive trait?
hidden in hybrid form, only appears when there is two copies of the gene form
This type of gene is always expressed if it is present.
dominant
What is a hybrid?
parents are purebred for different forms of a trait (recessive or dominant)
has appearance of dominant trait, but has hidden recessive gene
How many pairs of chromosomes do people have?
23
What are the letter abbreviations of base pairs?
A,T,C,G
What is a dominant trait?
shown in hybrid generation, only one copy of trait is needed
This type of gene is only expressed if two copies are present.
recessive
What is genetics?
the study of how traits are inherited
Which form of a trait appears in the hybrid generation?
dominant
What is a gene?
a segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait
What types of factors affect traits?
genetics, habits, environment, life-style choices
This is when both forms of a gene are expressed.
codominance
What is a Punnett Square and what is is used for?
used to determined genetic possibility of offspring of a set of parents
What is genetic engineering?
genes are changed and put into an organism or put into another organism
Do all organisms have the same DNA code?
no
What are some inherited traits?
hair color, eye color, hair texture, freckles, dimples, tongue rolling
This occurs when genes for a trait blend together.
What is a pedigree?
traces a trait through generations
phenotype