Acids and Bases
Name a common household base.
Milk of Magnesia, baking soda, shampoo, etc.
Where do volcanoes form?
Subduction zones, mid-ocean ridges, rift zones, and hot spots.
Name the layers of the Earth.
What is the role of mitochondria in a cell?
To produce energy for the cell through cellular respiration.
What are the main components of an ecological system?
Biotic and Abiotic factors.
Name a household acid.
Lemon Juice, Vinegar, Orange juice, etc.
What is a "hot spot"?
An area where hot mantle material rises and melts through the Earth's crust, creating a volcano that becomes extinct as the tectonic plate moves over it.
How thick is the mantle?
2,900 kilometers.
What is the function of the pancreas?
To produce digestive enzymes and hormones, and to regulate blood sugar.
What is the role of decomposers in nutrient cycling?
They break down dead organic matter into simpler, inorganic nutrients that are then returned to the soil, air, and water.
What is the name of a solution with a pH of 7?
Neutral.
What is the difference between active and dormant volcanoes?
Active volcanoes are volcanoes that have erupted recently or are expected to erupt again. Dormant volcanoes are not currently active but may become active in the future.
How are mountains formed?
When Earth's tectonic plates collide, causing the crust to buckle and fold over millions of years.
What is cytoplasm?
The jelly-like liquid that suspends the internal parts of the cell.
How do human activities impact ecological systems?
Through habitat destruction, pollution, and climate change, which lead to biodiversity loss, ecosystem degradation, and resource depletion.
What does it mean for a solution to be "alkaline"?
Why do volcanoes erupt?
Magma rises from beneath the Earth's surface because it is less dense than the surrounding rock. This pressure causes it to build up and eventually erupt through a vent.
What type of plate boundary is mostly found at ocean ridges?
Divergent plate boundaries.
What are the names of all receptors?
Includes chemoreceptors, mechanoreceptors, photoreceptors and thermoreceptors.
What is the difference between a habitat and an ecosystem?
A habitat is the physical place or natural home where an organism lives. An ecosystem is a community of living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) things that interact within a specific environment.
What is the name of the reaction caused when mixing a base and acid together?
Neutralization.
What five things come out of a volcano?
Volcanoes release magma, ash, volcanic bombs, and gases.
What keeps the continents floating on a sea of molten rock?
The continents' lower density and greater thickness.
What does MRSGREN stand for?
Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion, and Nutrition.
How does climate change affect ecosystems?
Altering habitats, changing the timing of natural events, and shifting where species can live, leading to disruptions like species migration or extinction.