PROKARYOTE VS. EUKARYOTE
A cell structure found in both types of cells that controls what enters and exits.
cell membrane
This organelle is the control center of the cell and stores the cell's genetic material.
the Nucleus
The movement of solutes from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
Osmosis
The definition of osmosis is the diffusion of this specific molecule across a selectively permeable membrane
from an area of higher water concentration (lower solute) to an area of lower water concentration (higher solute) to achieve equilibrium
The powerhouse of the cell where most cellular respiration occurs
the mitochondrion
The general location of the genetic material in a prokaryotic cell.
a central region of the cytoplasm called the nucleoid
Often called the "powerhouse" of the cell, it produces most of the cell's energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration.
the mitochondrion
The movement of substances from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.
active transport
Osmosis involves the movement of water from an area of [blank] water concentration to an area of [blank] water concentration.
high water concentration (low solute) to an area of low water concentration
The green organelle where photosynthesis takes place, containing chlorophyll.
the chloroplast
This key organelle, found in eukaryotes but not prokaryotes, houses the main genetic material.
the nucleus
Found inside the nucleus, this structure is responsible for creating ribosomes.
the nucleolus
A solution that will cause a cell to shrink or shrivel because water rushes out.
hypertonic solution
This part of the cell acts as the "selectively permeable membrane" that controls the movement of water during osmosis.
plasma membrane
Where the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis happen (stacks of thylakoids).
in the thylakoid membranes, which are stacked into structures called grana (singular: granum), all located inside the chloroplasts
These small structures, essential for protein synthesis, are present in both cell types but differ in size.
ribosomes
This organelle is involved with digestion and waste removal, breaking down excess or worn-out cell parts.
the Lysosome
These specific proteins are used for active transport or facilitated diffusion.
transport proteins
The net movement of water across a membrane stops when a cell reaches this state with its environment.
diffusion
The jelly-like substance in chloroplasts where the Calvin Cycle (light-independent reactions) occurs.
the stroma
The region in the cytoplasm of a prokaryotic cell where the circular DNA is concentrated.
the nucleoid
These hair-like projections are numerous and used for cell movement or moving fluids past the cell.
cilia
The function of the contractile vacuole in a paramecium is to pump out excess water to prevent the cell from bursting, maintaining this internal balance.
actively collecting and expelling excess water that enters the cell via osmosis from its hypotonic freshwater environment
The movement of any substance (besides water) across a membrane from a high to low concentration is known by this general term.
diffusion
The initial step of cellular respiration (glycolysis) occurs in this part of the cytoplasm.
the cytosol