DNA structure
a double helix of phosphate and sugar with bases between
What is the DNA molecule?
a single strand of nucleotides containing sugar ribose
What is ribonucleic acid?
The process of growth and reproduction
What is the cell cycle?
The process that reduces by half the amount of DNA present in each gamete
The joining of gametes
What is reproduction?
Guanine, Thymine, Adenine, and Cytosine
What are the four bases of DNA?
An enzyme unzips DNA inside the nucleus and reads it to create mRNA
What is transcription?
The DNA copying process
What is replication?
A regular cell in an organism that has two complete sets of genes
What is a diploid cell?
The diploid cell that results from fertlilization
What is a zygote?
A section of DNA that codes for a unique protien
What is a gene?
mRNA is read as codons that are paired with anticodons attached to transfer RNA attached to amino acids
What is translation?
a portion of the cell cycle where the cell grows, carries out normal functions, then makes a copy of the DNA for replication
What is interphase?
A cell that contains one set of genes
What is a haploid cell?
The process that makes mRNA
What is transcription?
The the subunit of DNA
What is a nucleotide?
amino acids bonded together in a growing chain
What is protein synthesis?
The phase in mitosis where sister chromatids become visible and the nucleus disappears.
What is prophase?
Matching pairs of chromosomes
What are homologous chromosomes?
What is Uracil?
This depends on the order of nucleotides within a gene
What is the type of protein made?
Sets of three nucleotides
What are codons?
The parent cell pinches in between two nuclei until the cytoplasm is divided and two cells form
What is cytokinesis?
Goes through two cell divisions and produces four daughter cells
What is meiosis?
The idea that the information in DNA gives evidence of an engineered system that so complex it cannot be simplified any more than it already is
What is irreducible complexity?