Temperature Basics
What is the normal temperature of the human body in degrees Celsius?
37°C
Which instrument did Galileo develop before thermometers to show hot or cold?
Thermoscope
What is defined as anything that takes up space, has mass, and is made of particles?
Matter
What are the three common states of matter?
Solid, liquid, gas
Which heat transfer occurs mostly in solids?
Conduction
Which temperature is closest to normal room temperature?
About 20–23°C
What is a thermometer used for?
Measuring temperature
According to particle theory, what are particles always doing?
Moving
Which state of matter has a fixed shape?
Solid
What heat transfer involves the movement of liquids or gases?
Convection
A body temperature above 37°C most likely indicates what?
An infection or illness
Why must thermometers be calibrated?
To accurately assign numbers to a scale
What type of energy do particles have because of their motion?
Kinetic energy
What change of state is frost forming on the outside of a window?
Deposition
Which type of heat transfer does NOT require particles?
Radiation
What condition occurs when a person’s body temperature drops dangerously low?
Hypothermia
Which temperature scale is most commonly used and freezes at 0?
Celsius
What happens to particles when a substance is heated?
They gain energy and move faster
What is melting?
Changing from solid to liquid
Why does a black shirt feel warmer than a white shirt in the sun?
It absorbs more radiant energy
Why is maintaining a constant body temperature important?
It is critical for proper body function and health
What device in a thermostat uses two metals that coil and uncoil?
A bimetallic strip
If you add heat to a substance, what usually happens to its temperature?
It increases
What is a heating curve used to show?
Temperature changes over time as a substance changes state
What does a higher R-value tell you about a material?
It is a better insulator