Earth's Water
Dating the Earth
Our Universe and Solar System
Earth Over Time
Earth Over Time Pt. 2
100

This type of meteorite is considered the most likely source of Earth's water.

What is a Carbonaceous Chondrite?

100

The accepted scientific age of the Earth according to rock dating.

What is 4.5 billion years old (4.5 BYA)?

100

The best, evidence-based explanation for how and why the universe formed and evolved.

What is the Big Bang Theory?

100

The current arrangement of landmasses and oceans on Earth today.

What is Earth Today / Present Day?

100

At 4.5 billion years ago (BYA), Earth was in this fiery, molten stage of planetary formation, characterized by extreme heat and constant meteoroid impacts.

What is the World of Fire?

200

Carbonaceous chondrites likely formed outside of this boundary in the early solar system.

What is the frost line?

200

This mineral, similar to quartz, is commonly used by geologists to date ancient rocks.

 What is a Zircon crystal?

200

The best, evidence-based explanation for how and why our solar system formed and evolved.

What is the Nebular Theory?

200

The famous supercontinent that existed between 300 and 200 million years ago (MYA).

What is Pangaea?

200

Around 1.5 billion years ago, after transitioning through a "Water World" and "Granite Planet" phase, Earth reached this vibrant stage.

What is the Blue Planet?

300

Carbonaceous chondrites match Earth's water because they contain the same levels of this heavy hydrogen isotope. What is the isotope called?

What is Deuterium?

300

This element inside zircon crystals that is sometimes replaced by radioactive uranium.

What is Zirconium?

300

When did our universe form?

When is 13.8 BYA?
300

The ancient supercontinent that broke apart roughly 650–550 million years ago (MYA).

What is Rodinia?

300

Approximately 700 million years ago, Earth entered a extreme global glaciation period known by this cool name.

What is Snowball Earth?

400

Deuterium (heavy hydrogen) contains these two subatomic particles in its nucleus.

What are a proton and a neutron?

400

This radioactive element slips into zircon crystals in place of zirconiun

What is Uranium?

400

What two elements were created first when the universe formed?

What is Helium and Hydrogen?

400

The geological period around 300 million years ago (MYA).

What is the World of Tropical Swamps period?

400

Around 4.0 billion years ago, as the molten surface cooled and rain condensed to form the first vast oceans, Earth entered this stage.

What is the Water World?

500

The ratio/concentration level of heavy hydrogen found in both carbonaceous chondrites and Earth's water.

What is 150 ppm?

500

Radioactive Uranium eventually decays into this element inside a zircon crystal.

What is Lead?

500

Why are nebulae important?

What is they:

1. act as "stellar nurseries" where new stars are born

2. develop into solar systems with main star and orbiting planets

500

The major tectonic event that occurred between 200 and 100 million years ago (MYA).

What is the Breakup of Pangaea?

500

The formation of Earth's granite crust, which allowed for the creation of stable continental landmasses, occurred approximately this many billion years ago.

What is 3.4 BYA?