Multiple Choice
The ultimate source of all the energy that flows through the food web is
a petroleum products. c wind.
b. the sun. d plants.
B
animals that eat herbivores
the food and energy links in a community
Primary carnivore
Food Chain
Without decomposers, the world would fill up with dead material
True
Establishing new vegetation in a newly formed, barren habitat is called
a secondary succession. c commensalism.
b resource partitioning. d. primary succession.
D
an organism’s unique role in its environment
animals that eat other animals
niche
carnivores
The amount of energy in a food chain is highest toward the top.
False. The highest amount of energy is found at the bottom of the food chain where the producers are.
How do animals reduce competition?
Animals use resource partitioning, which includes adapting their feeding patterns or changing their behaviors to divide resources, to reduce competition.
animals that feed on bodies of dead animals
organisms that get their energy by breaking down the remains of dead organisms or animal wastes
scavengers
decomposers
Lichen is an organism in which fungus and algae live together. The fungus provides water and protection and the algae provides food through photosynthesis. This type of relationship is called
a commensalism. c parasitism.
b. mutualism. d none of the above.
B
animals that eat primary carnivores
the network of food chains in an ecosystem
secondary carnivore
food web
The regrowth of trees following a forest fire is secondary succession.
True
List the trophic levels of the food web in order from the bottom to the top.
The levels are producers that convert solar energy using photosynthesis, primary consumers, herbivores, secondary consumers, and tertiary consumers. Detritivores must be included as part of their answer.
a relationship between two organisms in which
one benefits and the other is not affected
the relationship between two organisms that
live and work together for the benefit of both
commensalism
mutualism
A food chain is made up of an oak tree, an insect, a mole, and a raccoon. The producer would be the
a. oak tree. c mole.
b insect. d raccoon.
An organism that depends on another living organism and lives in, on, or near that organism is a
a predator. c prey.
b parasite. d carnivore.
A
B
animals that have no predators when they are healthy adults
organisms that eat other organisms
top carnivore
consumers
Detritivores are found at the highest trophic level.
False. Detritivores are found linked at all levels.
Name three types of community interactions among different species and give an example of each.
Possible answers: neutral interactions, commensalism, mutualism, intraspecific competition, interspecific competition, predator-prey, parasite-host, symbiosis.
The type of organism that is most likely to be at the top of an ecosystem’s energy pyramid is a
a producer. c detritivore.
b herbivore. d. carnivore.
An organism that eats other living organisms but does not live on or in its prey is a
a. predator. c prey.
b parasite. d carnivore.
D
A
organisms that use photosynthesis to make their own food
organisms that feed on dead matter
animals that eat plants
producers
detritivores
herbivore
Compare the way in which ecosystems recover from natural disasters with the way they recover from damage done by humans. Use specific examples of ecological damage and the way in which the ecosystems respond.
God has created organisms to travel into areas damaged by natural disasters and establish either primary or secondary succession, depending on the severity of the damage. Human-caused disasters can cause more widespread or thorough damage than natural events.