unit 1
What is the definition of an observation?
information gathered using senses
What are the three basic statements of cell theory?
What genes are made up of?
Genes are made up of DNA.
How are mineral fossils commonly formed?
A dead organism settles down on the bottom of the water. It gets covered by sediment. Soft tissues decompose. Hard tissues are preserved.
Read the statement.
Many animals, such as lions, are more successful when they hunt in a pack.
Explain how this behavior may increase their fitness.
Hunting in packs increases the survival rate of each lion. A group of lions would be able to kill prey that a single lion could not. This gives them access to more food resources than they would have if they hunted alone. This means the lions would be healthier, be better fed, and reproduce more. This results in greater fitness.
true or false
If a study does not have empirical evidence to support its claim, its reasoning can still be viewed as acceptable by other scientists.
false
What is a unicellular organism?
an organism in which an individual life-form consists of a single cell
What is the definition of a homozygous allele?
a genotype composed of two identical alleles
What motivated Darwin to embark on his famous voyage?
Darwin first tried medicine, then religion. However, Darwin was always interested in the sciences. The Beagle was embarking on a 5-year science journey and represented an opportunity.
Which physical adaptations increase an organism’s chances of finding a mate?
A. the venom glands of a pit viper
B. the bright blue plumage of male peacocks
C. the teeth of the wolf
B
What is the definition of an isolated system?
a system that allows neither energy nor matter to enter or leave
What prosses happens inside of chloroplasts?
photosynthesis
What is a Punnett square?
a diagram used to show possible genotypes that can result from a cross
What is an example of an adaptation in rattlesnakes?
Read the passage.
Hummingbirds feed on the nectar of flowers. Hummingbirds also help with pollination of the plants as they move from flower to flower.
What type of relationship exists between the plant and the hummingbird?
mutualism
What is the definition of a before-reading strategy?
a way to scan scientific content for meaning
Who published the chemical makeup of DNA?
Erwin Chargaff
How did Mendel’s work helped scientists understand the nature of genes?
Mendel discovered that genes have two alleles. Scientists could observe that chromosomes separate during cell division. These two observations supported the idea that genes are made of DNA.
What is a phylogenetic tree?
a model of the evolutionary relationships among organisms
What is one way that plants maintain homeostasis?
leaves closing their pores to reduce water loss
What is the definition of a diatomic molecule?
a molecule made up of only two atoms
What is the purpose of cell division in unicellular organisms?
reproduction
What are the similarities between a Punnett Square and a pedigree?
What is a possible cause of mutation?
an error in DNA replication during the cell cycle
Read the scenario.
A forested area is burned to open new land for agriculture.
How this could affect the animals?
Animals in the area could be driven out and possibly die.
When new land is opened for agriculture, the natural habitat of the land must first be destroyed. This affects plants and animals that live in the habitat.