Solar System
What causes the tides on Earth?
The gravitational pull of the Moon and the Sun.
What is the primary source of energy for most ecosystems?
The Sun.
What term refers to the variety of living species in an ecosystem?
Which organelle breaks down waste materials?
The lysosomes.
What is the molecule that carries genetic information in living organisms?
DNA
True or False: Uranus is the second planet in the solar system.
False.
Which trophic level would only receive about 1% of the producers' energy?
Secondary consumers.
Give an example of an animal that evolved due to natural selection.
Any animal.
Which organelle acts as the "post office" by packaging and distributing proteins?
What phase results in the physical splitting of the cell?
Cytokinesis.
The seasons are demarcated by four special days in the year. What are the special names for each season?
Winter Solstice, Spring Equinox, Summer Solstice, Autumn Equinox.
Explain the role of decomposers in an ecosystem.
Breaking down dead organisms and recycling nutrients into the soil.
What evidence do fossils provide for evolution?
Fossils show changes in species over time and transitional forms.
What is the main difference between the smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum?
The rough ER makes proteins, while the smooth ER makes lipids.
Put the four stages of mitosis in order.
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase.
Why do we always see the same side of the Moon from Earth?
Because the Moon’s rotation and revolution periods are the same (synchronous rotation).
Which nutrient cycle includes condensation?
The water cycle.
Explain how mutations contribute to evolution.
Mutations create genetic variation, which can lead to new traits that may provide survival advantages.
Which structure helps plant cells maintain their shape and stores water and nutrients?
Vacuole (specifically the central vacuole).
Why is mitosis important for multicellular organisms?
It allows for growth, tissue repair, and asexual reproduction.
Constellations serve these four functions.
As a map to navigate, as a book of stories, as a calendar, and as a specific region in the sky.
How does phosphorus typically enter ecosystems?
Through weathering of rocks and minerals.
How does the theory of common descent support the idea of evolution?
All species share a common ancestor, and evidence includes shared DNA and similar anatomical structures.
Which two organelles have their own DNA and are believed to have once been independent organisms?
What would happen if the nuclear membrane did not reform during mitosis?
The genetic material would remain exposed in the cytoplasm, leading to potential damage, confusion in cell function, and failure to enter interphase correctly.