Biological Diversity
What is a species?
A species is a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.
Define exothermic reaction.
An exothermic reaction is a chemical reaction that releases energy in the form of heat or light.
What is a pesticide?
A chemical substance used to destroy or deter pests.
What is static electricity?
Static electricity is the buildup of electric charges on an object, often caused by the friction between two different materials.
Name the inner planets.
Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars.
Define interspecific competition.
Interspecific competition occurs when individuals of different species compete for the same resources.
What evidence indicates a chemical change?
Evidence includes a change in color, temperature, the formation of gas, or the formation of a precipitate.
What is neutralization?
The reaction between an acid and a base to produce water and a salt.
What is the difference between an open and closed circuit?
An open circuit has a broken path and does not allow current to flow, while a closed circuit allows current to flow continuously.
What is a nebula?
An interstellar cloud of dust and gas where stars are born.
What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis results in two identical daughter cells, while meiosis produces four genetically diverse gametes with half the number of chromosomes.
What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?
The Law of Conservation of Mass states that in a chemical reaction, the total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products.
What is biomagnification?
The process where toxins increase in concentration as they move up the food chain.
Explain the law of charges.
The law states that unlike charges attract, like charges repel, and charged objects attract neutral objects.
Compare the geocentric and heliocentric models.
The geocentric model places Earth at the center, while the heliocentric model places the Sun at the center.
What is a Punnett square?
A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the outcomes of a genetic cross by showing the possible allele combinations of offspring.
What are the properties of metals?
Metals are typically shiny, conduct heat and electricity, are malleable, and have high melting points.
What is chronic toxicity?
Symptoms appearing after repeated exposure to a toxic substance over time.
What is the difference between series and parallel circuits?
In a series circuit, all devices are on a single path, while in a parallel circuit, devices have multiple paths.
What is the Doppler effect?
The change in frequency or wavelength of waves in relation to an observer moving relative to the source of the waves.
Explain how natural selection leads to evolution.
Natural selection leads to evolution by favoring the reproduction of individuals with advantageous traits, causing those traits to become more common in the population over time.
What is an ionic compound?
An ionic compound is formed when atoms transfer electrons, resulting in a compound made of positively and negatively charged ions, such as sodium chloride (NaCl).
What are biological indicators of water quality?
Organisms that indicate the health of a water body, such as certain fish and macroinvertebrates.
How does the direction of electron flow differ in AC vs. DC?
In AC, electrons flow back and forth, while in DC, they flow in one direction.
How do astronomers determine a star's motion?
By measuring redshift or blueshift in the star's spectral lines.