Motion and Forces
How many laws of motion did Newton define?
3 laws
What is the difference between mass and weight?
Mass is the amount of matter an object contains and weight is a measure of the gravitational force acting on that mass
What 3 components make up an atom?
Electron, Proton, Neutron
Provide the two basic types of energy
Potential energy and Kinetic energy
What side of a chemical reaction are the reactants on?
Left
2H2 + O2 -> 2H20
What are the 3 laws of motion?
Law of inertia
Law of motion or acceleration
Law of conservation of momentum
Name the 3 states of matter
What gives at atom it's atomic number?
Number of protons
What is the law of conservation of energy?
The amount of energy in a closed system remains the same even though the energy undergoes changes in form.
Which principle states that matter cannot be created or destroyed?
Law of conservation of mass
Provide an example of the law of conservation of momentum
Newton's cradle
What is the temperature when a solid becomes a liquid?
Define covalent and ionic bond
Covalent bond: atoms share a pair of electrons
Ionic bond: atoms gain or lose electrons to become ions
Provide an example of potential energy changing to kinetic energy
i.e. Rollercoaster, pendulum, seatbelt, hammering a nail
What is a catalyst?
A substance that speeds the rate at which a chemical reaction takes palce
Provide an example of the law of inertia
A ball thrown into the air comes down from friction and the force of gravity
What is the temperature when a gas becomes a liquid called?
Condensation Point
What is the difference between these images?
Show ether vs ethanol chain
The arrangement of the carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in the two hydrocarbons is different
Name the 6 types of energy
Heat, Light, Nuclear, Electrical, Mechanical, Chemical
In 1969, the US Surgeon stated that infectious bacterial diseases would be wiped out by antibiotics. However, strains of disease causing bacteria have evolved resistance to antibiotics. Today, many diseases are untreatable by antibiotics, causing 17 million deaths worldwide annually.
Why was the US Surgeon General's prediction wrong?
Bacteria quickly evolved resistance to antibiotic drugs.
What can a force change?
Speed, shape and direction of an object
A solution is a mixture that is uniform throughout and that contains ions, atoms, or molecules of two or more substances.
What is it called when the substance in a solution is dissolved?
Solute
Atoms are composed of protons (positive charge), neutrons (no charge), and electrons (negative charge). Because an atom has an equal number of protons and electrons, it has a total charge of zero.
What would happen if an atom lost an electron?
What is the equation for energy?
E = mc2
What is happening in the following reaction?
2H2O2 -> 2H2O + O2
Hydrogen Peroxide (2H2O2) is decomposing into water (H2O) and oxygen (O2)