Lesson 1
Name 5 properties of minerals.
color, luster, hardness, streak, cleavage, crystal shape
What are the three main kinds of rocks?
A. igneous B. metamorphic C. sedimentary
The process of carrying away weathered bits of rock.
erosion
A break or crack in rocks where Earth’s crust can move suddenly.
fault
A large body of slowly moving ice
glacier
a) What are minerals?
b) What are rocks?
a) Minerals are natural, nonliving solid crystals that makes up rocks.
b) Most rocks are made of different combinations of minerals.
Rocks that form when layers of sediments settle on top of one another and harden are called ___________.
Sedimentary
A natural feature on Earth’s surface.
landforms
Water covering normally dry land
Flood
Flowing fresh water that moves downhill
River
Which property might you test by rubbing one mineral directly against another?
Hardness
Rocks that form from molten rock are called____?
Igneous
Rocks in Earth’s crust are slowly broken into smaller pieces.
Weathering
Periods of unusually low rain or snowfall.
drought
a) Definition of ground water is______.
b) What are two examples of how we get this water?
a) Any water that is underground
b) It may flow out of ground into a river, pond, or lake.
It may come up as a spring.
People dig wells to reach this water.
True or False: Scientists have identified more than 8000 kinds of rocks.
False - What is the correct answer?
Rocks that have changed as a result of heat and pressure are called___.
Metamorphic
What are the two types of weathering?
Physical and Chemical.
True or False: An volcanic eruption can rapidly change the Earth’s surface.
True
a) True or False: Most of the water on Earth is ready to drink.
b) Name 3 places where most of our fresh water comes from that we can drink?
a) False: Why? Most of Earth's water is salt water. Fresh water needs to be cleaned so we can drink it.
b) rivers, lakes and underground
On the Mohr’s Scale of Hardness for Minerals what is the hardest and what is the softest of minerals?
Hardest: Diamond
Softest: Talc
True or False: Limestone often forms from tiny bits of skeletons and shells that lived a long time ago.
True
The laying down of pieces of rock is called______.
Deposition
a) True or False: Earthquakes occur along fault lines.
b) True or False: An earthquake begins at the epicenter.
a)True
b) False (It begins at the focus underground.)
a) What percent of water on Earth is salt water?
b) What percent of water is fresh water?
a) 97/100
b) 3/100