Science Chapter 9 Review

1

100

a particle in the nucleus of an atom that carries one unit of positive electric charge

proton

200

the center of an atom that has the most of its mass

neutron

300

a particle in the space outside the nucleus of an atom that carries one unit of negative electric charge

electron

400

the ability to be pulled into thin wires without breaking

ductility

500

the upward push of a liquid or a gas on an object placed in it

buoyancy

2

100

a material that conducts electricity better than a nonmetal but not as well as a metal

semiconductor

200

the amount of matter in a certain volume of a substance; found by dividing the mass of an object by its volume

density

300

a particle that contains more than one atom joined together

molecule

400

the gradual wearing away of a metal as it combines with nonmetals in its environment

corrosion

500

a measure of the amount of matter in an object

mass

3

100

• Water is denser as a solid than as a liquid. (T or F)

• False; Water is denser as a liquid than as a solid.

200

• What four elements did Aristotle believe all matter is made of?

• earth, air, water, and fire

300

• What are three important properties of elements?

• the state of matter at room temperature, the way they combine with other elements, and whether they are metals, nonmetals, or nonmetals.

400

• In space, the most common elements are (              ) and (              ). These two elements make up (          ) percent of the mass of the universe.

• hydrogen; helium; 98

500

• (              ) is the only nonmetal that is liquid at room temperature.

• Mercury

4

100

• Electrons move within the nucleus. (T or F)

• False; Electrons move within the space outside the nucleus.

200

• What is the second most abundant element in Earth’s crust?

• Silicon

300

• What are three common properties of metals?

• They shine when polished.
• They conduct heat and electricity well.
• They can be shaped without breaking.

400

• To calculate a sample’s density, you divide its (            ) by its (              ).

• mass; volume

500

• (              ) has a high reactivity and is often added to drinking water and pool water to kill bacteria.

Chlorine

5

100

• Nonmetals are semiconductors. (T or F)

• False; Metalloids are semiconductors.

200

• The most reactive metals corrode the slowest. (T or F)

• False; The most reactive metals corrode the fastest.

300

• Plants and animals are mainly made of (               ), (               ), and (               ).

• carbon; hydrogen; oxygen

400

• Dmitri Mendeleev ordered the elements from (               ) to (                 ).

• lightest; heaviest

500

• Materials that are poor conductors of heat and electricity are called (              ).

• insulators