What is genes carry instructions to make proteins.
100
Cells spend 90% of their time in _____________-.
What is interphase
100
What are some of the treatments that can be used for cancer?
What is surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy
200
Mutation
What is a change in the DNA or the genetic code of a cell
200
Approx how many cells are damaged through normal body activities?
What is 100 trillion
200
What are the nitrogenous bases and which ones pair up with which ones?
What is adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine.
Adenine and thymine
Guanine and cytosine
200
What are the names of the stages of cell division?
What is interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis
200
What are the 5 types of asexual reproduction?
What is binary fission, budding, vegetative reproduction, fragmentation and sport formation.
300
Cancer
What is a disease in which cell divide very rapidly and uncontrollably; caused by a mutation in the genes that control cell division.
300
What are the main structures in the nucleus?
What is chromosomes and the nucleolus.
300
Describe how a DNA molecule replicates
What is to replicate, a DNA molecule splits and new bases are added onto each of the open sides to make two identical DNA molecules.
300
What happens during interphase?
What is cells grow, make copies of each organelle in the cytoplasm, an also make an extra copy of their chromosomes.
300
What happens in binary fission? Give an example
What is in binary fission, the parent undergoes cell division to produce 2 genetically identical offspring. For example: bacteria, protists
400
Binary Fission
What is a form of asexual reproduction used by single-celled organisms to produce 2 genetically identical daughter cells.
400
Describe the relationship between the nucleolus and the ribosomes.
What is the materials used to make ribosomes are found in the nucleolus.
400
What is DNA made out of?
What is made up of pairs of nitrogenous bases, one from each of the strands, sugar and phosphate molecules joined to each other. Also known as nucleotides
400
What are the 4 stages of the cell cycle?
What is growth and preparation for cell division, cell division, phase of rapid cell growth, duplication of chromosomes.
400
What are the common characteristics of asexual reproduction?
What is only one organism is needed to reproduce.
All the offspring are genetically identical to each other and to the parent organism
A single organism can produce large numbers of offspring.
500
Cytokinesis
What is the process that divides the cytoplasm and the rest of the organelles in half during cell division; it usually begins before mitosis is finished.
500
How are the nucleus and the nucleolus different?
What is the nucleus is the control centre of the cell and contains the chromosomes. The nucleolus does not control the cell and contains only the materials needed to make ribosomes.
500
What is the human genome?
What is an organism's genome is all of that organism's genes, so the human genome is all of the genes in a human.
500
What happens during cytokinesis in a plant cell?
What is membrane-bound vesicles form between the two nuclei. The vesicles fuse together to form the cell plate. The cell plate grows outward toward the cell membrane forming a new cell membrane for each daughter cell as well as the cell wall between the two new membranes.
500
Explain why cancer treatment may cause burns and hair loss.
What is radiation produces heat and can cause burns and chemotherapy drugs are unable to tell a cancer cell from a non-cancer cell so it attacks healthy and cancerous cells like hair cells.