Living Things &
Staying Alive
Staying Alive
A camel can survive many days without water, but a dog cannot.
What does this show about animal adaptation?
Different animals have special features suited to their habitats — camels store water, dogs do not.
Why do plants near windows bend toward the light?
They grow toward light to make food.
A candle gets shorter when it burns, but a metal spoon does not. Why?
Wax melts and burns away — metal does not melt at that temperature.
Two magnets sometimes attract and sometimes repel.
What decides this?
Opposite poles attract — same poles repel.
What happens if there is a break in an electrical circuit?
The current stops — the bulb goes off.
Plants and animals can have infectious diseases that can be spread among them. One type of medicines can prevent from infectious diseases. What medicines is it?
Vaccination.
Why do roots have many branches instead of one thick root?
To absorb more water and minerals.
You mix sand and iron filings in water.
How do you separate them all?
Filter → separates sand and iron filings
Magnet → separates iron
What force keeps all objects on Earth, causing them to stay grounded?
Gravity.
Why can we see the Moon at night if it makes no light?
Moon reflects the sunlight.
Why do BOTH plants and animals need oxygen?
To respire. (breathe)
During the day, a leaf takes in carbon dioxide and releases oxygen.
In which plant part does this gas exchange happen?
In the leaves.
A puddle of water disappears from the ground on a warm, windy day.
Explain what has happened to the water.
Heat gave the particles enough energy to escape into the air as water vapor. It is condensation.
What does the Law of Energy Conservation state?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only be transferred.
Why wouldn’t a polar bear survive in a rainforest?
Thick fur makes it too hot — it is adapted to cold.
Frogs lay hundreds of eggs, but only a few survive.
Why is this important in nature?
Many eggs are eaten or die — laying many increases the chance to survive.
A plant is kept in sunlight but has its leaves cut.
Explain why the plant eventually dies, even though the stem and roots remain healthy at first.
Without leaves, the plant cannot absorb sunlight to make food(photosynthesize).
When warm air ( water vapor) meets a cold surface, tiny water droplets form on it.
Explain why cooling causes this change of state.
Cooling removes energy from water vapour particles.
They slow down, move closer together, and change from a gas back to a liquid. It is condensation.
A laser pointer makes a tiny, direct dot far away instead of a big fuzzy glow. Why does it stay so focused as a dot?
Because light travels in straight lines.
The Earth is spinning all the time on its axis. How is this movement called?
Rotation.
Why do crustaceans like crabs or lobsters, have an exoskeleton?
Exoskeleton provides tough protection from predators and prevents from drying out.
A plant growing in the shade has very large, thin leaves.
The same type of plant growing in bright sunlight has smaller, thicker leaves.
Why plant in a shade has larger leaves?
Shade plants grow large leaves to catch more light.
A block of ice is heated until it melts into water and then boils into steam.
Explain what is happening to the particles at each stage.
Ice (solid): particles vibrate but stay fixed in place
Water (liquid): particles move past each other
Steam (gas): particles move freely and spread far apart
Why is it easier to lift things on the Moon than on Earth?
The Moon has weaker gravity.
A bulb lights when connected to one battery.
Explain why adding one more battery , makes the bulb shine brighter?
The total voltage increases and increases the current flow.