Points of Light
Which statement about stars other than the Sun is correct?
A. Stars are all nearly the same size.
B. Stars are all much smaller than Earth.
C. Stars are all so far away they look tiny.
D. Stars are all about the same brightness.
C. Stars are all so far away they look tiny.
In baseball, a fly ball happens when a player hits the ball high into the air. The player on the other team must wait for it to come down to catch it. Imagine that there was suddenly no gravity on Earth. How would a fly ball be different?
a. The fly ball would not go as high.
b. The fly ball would stick to the bat.
c. The fly ball would never come down.
d. The fly ball would come down more slowly
c. The fly ball would never come down.
Stefanie is measuring the temperature of soil around her school building. She notices that the soil near the science lab is in the shade in the morning. In the afternoon, it is in direct sunlight. How could the time of day that Stefanie measures the temperature affect her results .
a. The thermometer might work better in the morning.
b. The thermometer might work better in the afternoon.
c. The afternoon sunlight could increase the temperatures of the soil.
d. The afternoon sunlight could decrease the temperature of the soil
c. The afternoon sunlight could increase the temperatures of the soil.
Soil in a garden absorbs heat from the Sun. When would you expect the soil in a garden to be the coolest temperature?
a. when it is nighttime
b. when the Sun first rises
c. when a cloud covers the Sun
d. when a shadow is over the garden
a. when it is nighttime
Two scientists do similar investigations and get different results. Which is the best way to find out whose results are correct?
a. Have a debate about who is correct.
b. Have a friend do the investigation differently.
c. Have each scientist share their data with other people.
d. Have each scientist share their information with other scientist who can replicate the investigation.
d. Have each scientist share their information with other scientist who can replicate the investigation.
Why do all the stars look like small points of light in the night sky?
A. Because all the stars are the same size.
B. Because all the stars are the same brightness.
C. Because all the stars are the same temperature.
D. Because all the stars are very far away from Earth.
D. Because all the stars are very far away from Earth.
A skydiver jumps out of a plane. He falls downward at a very fast speed. When he opens his parachute, he slows down. He falls at a safer speed until he lands. What force pulled the skydiver to the ground?
a. gravity
b. air pushing
c. air resistance
d. parachute pull
a. gravity
During the daytime, a desert can be very hot. At night, the temperature is much cooler. What causes the differences in day and night temperatures in a desert?
a. Heat energy is absorbed by the desert sand at night.
b. Wind takes heat energy that the desert stored during the day time.
c. The Sun gives off less heat energy during the day than it does during the night.
d. During the day, the Sun heats the desert, and that heat is lost during the night after the Sun has set.
d. During the day, the Sun heats the desert, and that heat is lost during the night after the Sun has set.
How could a student correctly explain why the Sun looks so big and the nighttime stars look so small?
A. Nighttime stars are all smaller stars.
B. The Sun is closer to Earth than nighttime stars.
C. The Sun is the only a night star that appears bigger during the day.
D. All stars appear bigger during the day, but the Earth’s sky hides them.
B. The Sun is closer to Earth than nighttime stars.
Tony did an experiment. He made a conclusion about the experiment. Which of these things can Tony do to show that his conclusion is correct?
A. Tony can show everyone the tools he used.
B. Tony can use observations from the experiment.
C. Tony can tell everyone that he thinks that he is correct.
D. Tony can draw of a picture of himself doing the experiment.
B. Tony can use observations from the experiment.
You can see an object in space when light from the object reaches Earth. Some objects produce their own light. Others only reflect light. Which object produces light as a form of energy?
A. sky
B. Sun
C. moon
D. planet
B. Sun
The space shuttle has a fuel tank and two rocket boosters. The rocket boosters give off a blast of hot gases. This blast helps launch the shuttle into space. The picture shows the rocket boosters during a launch. Why are rocket boosters needed to send the shuttle into space?
a. They carry equipment inside of them.
b. They give off sound and heat energy.
c. They produce a force to overcome Earth’s gravity.
d. They make the shuttle weigh less during a launch.
c. They produce a force to overcome Earth’s gravity.
On a summer day, Marta held a picnic at the park. She placed one bag of ice on a table in the shade. She placed the second bag of ice on a table in full sunlight. Both bags of ice were the same size and shape. She saw that the ice placed in the Sun melted very quickly. The ice in the shade did not melt as quickly. What could explain the difference?
a. The bags of ice were two different brands.
b. A summer day is usually warmer than a winter day.
c. One picnic table was larger than the other picnic table.
d. Objects heat up more quickly in the sun than the shade.
d. Objects heat up more quickly in the sun than the shade.
Terrence is making a poster about energy for a school project. He is placing pictures of objects found in space on his poster. Under each picture, he is writing where the object's energy comes from. Which sentence should he write under a picture of the Sun?
A. Sun’s energy comes from Earth.
B. Sun’s energy comes from the Moon.
C. Sun’s energy comes from within itself.
D. Sun’s energy comes from nearby stars.
C. Sun’s energy comes from within itself.
Two scientists are studying how gravity affects objects in different cities. One scientist finds that a baseball drops to the ground in 5 seconds. The other scientist finds the same thing in her city. Why is it important for these scientists to share their findings?
a. to learn from each other
b. to help them change their data to match
c. to give them a reason to visit another city
d. to stop worrying about gravity’s affects and go on to a new experiment
a. to learn from each other
The Sun appears to be the brightest star in the sky. What causes the Sun to appear so bright to people on Earth?
A. The Sun is the oldest star.
B. The Sun is the hottest star.
C. The Sun is the largest star.
D. The Sun is the closest star.
D. The Sun is the closest star.
Keisha is holding some books, as shown below. Why doesn’t gravity pull the books to the floor?
a. Gravity is pulling the books and Keisha toward each other.
b. Gravity does not affect things while they are being carried.
c. Keisha is pushing down on the books with a force equal to that of gravity.
d. Keisha is holding the books up with a force equal to that of gravity pulling them down.
d. Keisha is holding the books up with a force equal to that of gravity pulling them down.
Two students want to sit outside in a place that is the coolest from 11:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m. One thinks a shady spot will be cooler, but the other student thinks a sunny spot would be just as cool. How could they use two thermometers to find out?
a. Compare the temperatures of the shady spot and a classroom from 11:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m.
b. Compare the temperatures of the sunny spot and a classroom from 11:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m.
c. Compare the temperatures of the shady spot and the sunny spot from 11:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m.
d. Compare the temperature of the shady spot from 11:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m. with its temperature from 9:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m
c. Compare the temperatures of the shady spot and the sunny spot from 11:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m.
Hannah notices that stars look like points of light in the night sky. The sun looks like a huge fireball in the sky. Which statement best describes why other stars appear different from the Sun?
A. All the stars are not as hot as the Sun.
B. All the stars are much smaller than the Sun.
C. All the stars are closer to Earth than the Sun.
D. All the stars are farther from Earth than the Sun
D. All the stars are farther from Earth than the Sun
What are the most important types of energy the Sun provides for the Earth?
A. Light and heat
B. Heat and sound
C. Light and oxygen
D. Heat and magnetic
A. Light and heat
Grant jumps in the air. Why does he come back down instead of staying in the air?
a. He does not jump high enough.
b. He does not jump with enough force.
c. There is not enough air between his feet and the ground.
d. There is no force that can overcome the force of gravity on him.
d. There is no force that can overcome the force of gravity on him.
How might the water change in a swimming pool when it is heated by the Sun’s radiant energy?
a. The water turns red.
b. The temperature increases.
c. The temperature decreases.
d. The temperature stays the same.
b. The temperature increases.