Earth's Rotation / Patterns on Earth
How long does it take for the Earth to make one complete rotation on its axis?
24 hours (1 day / 1 night)
At times, scientists have found fish fossils in dry areas. What does this tell the scientists about the dry area?
The area was once covered by water.
What causes the creation of a v-shaped valley?
Fast-moving water (like a river) over millions of years
What is an advantage of using renewable resources?
Renewable resources will not run out if we use a lot of them.
Name at least three ABIOTIC factors in an ecosystem.
Soil, air, water, sunlight, temperature, rocks
If the Sun appears in the eastern part of the sky, what time of day is it?
Morning
Explain the processes of compaction and cementation.
Compaction - Rocks / layers are pressed down together by gravity over millions of years
Cementation - Sediments stick together and form rock layers
Explain how a large chunk of ice, or a glacier, can changes Earth’s surface.
The glacier freezes the rock, and then the rock melts, forming a u-shaped valley.
A killer whale hunting seals is an example of TWO BIOTIC factors interacting in ecosystems. Give an example of a BIOTIC factor and an ABIOTIC factor working together in an ecosystem.
A sea turtle burying its eggs in the sand.
A plant growing in the soil.
A shark swimming through the water.
A flower getting energy from the sun.
A person breathing air.
Move the ball around the flashlight; this represents one Earth rotation around the sun which happens every 24 hours
How are sedimentary rocks formed?
broken pieces of sediment are deposited and then compacted and cemented over time
Give an example of weathering.
a river forms a canyon by sediment being carried away.
a valley is carved by a glacier when rocks are moved from one place to another.
strong waters wash away a riverbank.
Name four types of renewable resources.
Wind, solar, animal, plants, water
Which of these FUNCTIONS would NOT be an advantage in a hot, dry desert climate?
Hunting animals during the day (it is too hot)
What season is it in December in Australia - the Southern Hemisphere?
Summer
Coal is a fossil fuel. Explain how coal is formed.
1) Dead / dying animals and plants fall to the bottom of a swamp / river / lake.
2) Layers are piled on top of each other, creating heat and pressure.
3) These processes of compaction and cementation continue for millions of years.
What is the difference between weathering and erosion?
Weathering breaks rocks / land apart
Erosion moves rocks / land
Give an example of the WEATHER for Houston and the CLIMATE for Houston.
The weather is on a certain day (ex: sunny today or rainy today).
The climate is weather and precipitation over a period of 30 years or more (ex: Houston is hot and humid every summer).
A frog has STRUCTURES that help it meet its needs. What structure of a frog has the FUNCTION of helping the frog catch and eat food?
Sticky tongue
On October 17th, there was a full moon. After that, the moon phases were --> gibbous moon --> quarter moon --> crescent moon --> new moon --> crescent moon --> quarter moon --> gibbous moon.
What phase of the moon was there on November 17th?
Full moon
What is the difference between weathering and erosion?
Weathering breaks rocks / land apart
Erosion moves rocks / land
Give an example of deposition.
Explain what happens in the water cycle, including what the words evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and ground water mean.
Evaporation - water heats up and rises into the air as a gas (water vapor)
Condensation - water vapor (gas) cools down and turns back into drops of liquid water (clouds)
Precipitation - Clouds too full of water, water falls back to the earth as rain, snow, or sleet
Collection - Water lands in rivers, lakes, oceans, and soaks into the ground as ground water
Describe and explain an ADAPTATION that polar bears have that help them survive in their ecosystem.
Thick fur / blubber helps it stay warm in the cold
White fur helps it stay camouflaged
Padded paws help it walk on the ice