The Sun, Ocean, and the Water Cycle
Matter
Forces, Motion, Solar System, and Seasons
Forces, Energy, and Matter
Everything Else!
100
What causes water in the ocean to evaporate
The sun (thermal energy/heat)
100
what is a conductor?
what is an insulator?
Conductors: allows thermal and electrical energy to pass through easily
Metal, water, glass, copper, brass, gold, steel
Insulators: does not allow thermal and electrical energy to pass through easily
fabric, wool, plastic, rubber, wood, paper, rubber, cotton
100
What direction does an object goes when you push it?
What direction does an object goes when you pull it?
What direction does an object goes when gravity is applied to it?
What direction does an object goes when friction is applied to it?
Push: A force that moves an object away from oneself.
Pull: A force that brings an object closer to oneself.
Gravity: The force that attracts objects toward the center of the Earth (a pulling force).
Friction: when two objects rub against each other in OPPOSITE directions causing one object to stop or slow down ( a pushing force)
100
Cutting the wire at which numbered position would allow two of the lightbulbs to remain lit??
A. Remove wire 1
B. Remove wire 2
C. Remove wire 3
D. Remove wires 4
B. Remove wire 2
100
The sun rises in the _____.
The sun sets in the _____.
The direction of a shadow during sunrise is ____.
The direction of a shadow during sunset is _____.
Sunrise: The moment each day when the upper edge of the Sun becomes visible on the horizon as Earth rotates.
Example: In the morning, you can see the sunrise in the eastern sky as daylight begins. THE SUN RISES IN THE EAST; THE SHADOW WILL BE ON THE WEST (OPPOSITE SIDE)
Sunset: The moment each day when the Sun disappears below the horizon, marking the end of daylight
Example: In the evening, you can see the sunset in the western sky as nighttime begins. THE SUN SET IN THE WEST; THE SHADOW WILL BE ON THE EAST (OPPOSITE SIDE)
200
Condensation happens when water vapor ____. In the water cycle, this happens when ________.
Condensation happens when water vapor (gas) turns into a liquid. In the water cycle, this happens when the water vapor cools down and turns into water droplets forming clouds.
200
If an objects mass is 2g, will it sink or float?
More dense - more than 1g, will SINK because it is heavier than water
Less dense - less than 1g, will FLOAT because it is lighter than water
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200
what are the seasons?
is earth tilted towards or away from sun during summer?
is earth tilted towards or away from sun during winter?
Seasons: Distinct periods of the year characterized by specific weather conditions, temperatures, and daylight hours. The four main seasons are spring, summer, fall (autumn), and winter.
During summer, Earth is tilted towards the sun.
During winter, Earth is tilted away from the sun.
200
When playing with a toy, a battery provides power to light up the toy. Which energy transformation occurs as the toy lights up?
A. Chemical energy to light energy
B. Chemical to electrical energy
C. Electrical energy to light energy
D. Kinetic energy to potential energy
A. Chemical energy to light energy
200
Examples of appliances that use different types of energy to perform their functions are shown. Which examples use mechanical energy to operate?
A blender mixing ingredients
A hair dryer blowing air
A washing machine spinning clothes
A refrigerator keeping food cool
Which examples use mechanical energy to perform their functions?
A. Examples 1 and 2
B. Examples 3 and 4
C. Example 1 and 3 only
D. Examples 1, 2, and 3
A. Examples 1 and 2
300
Which one is weather and which one is climate?
Deserts like the Sahara have hot days, cold nights, and very little rainfall annually. _____________
A day with clear skies, warm temperatures, and strong winds blowing at 15 mph. ___________
Deserts like the Sahara have hot days, cold nights, and very little rainfall annually. (climate)
A day with clear skies, warm temperatures, and strong winds blowing at 15 mph. (weather)
300
What is N.I.C.S. and how would you describe their magnetism? Give an example of N.I.C.S.
Magnets are only attracted to NICKEL, IRON, COBALT, STEEL
Examples of N.I.C.S. - paper clips, iron filling, nails, screws
300
Light travels in a ______.
When light is reflected it ____ off an object and goes the ____ direction.
When light is refracted, it ____ through an object.
Light travels in A STRAIGHT LINE until it strikes an object
Reflection: The bouncing back of light when it hits a surface.
For example, when you look in a mirror, you see your reflection because light bounces off the mirror.
Refraction: The bending of light as it passes from one material to another (like from air to water).
This is why a straw looks bent when placed in a glass of water.
300
Look at the image of the circuit below. What will happen when the switch is closed?
A complete path through which electric current will be able to flow making it a closed (complete) circuit.
300
What is the difference between a mixture and a solution?
Mixture: Two or more substances that are COMBINED but DO NOT form a new substance
Can be easily separated
Solution: a mixture, BUT one substance dissolves into another. The particles spread out and mix evenly throughout the water.
Cannot be easily separated: will need to be evaporated through heat (sun/hot plate)
400
The movement (path) of water from a river to the ocean is called ______.
The movement (path) of water from a river to the ocean is called runoff.
400
What is matter?
What is mass?
what is volume?
Matter is anything that has MASS and takes up space.
Mass is how much "stuff" is in something. Mass does not change!!! An object will have the same MASS even if it changes states (such as water) or shapes.
Volume: the amount of space an object takes up. Bigger objects have bigger volumes. Smaller objects have smaller volumes. Example: a penny’s volume is smaller than a basketball’s volume
400
What is the order of the planets?
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.
400
what does a circuit need for it to be complete?
Load: A device that converts electrical energy into a different form of energy (light, sound, etc.)
Power Source: the source of energy in a circuit
(Can be a battery, solar panels, generator, etc.)
Wires: allows the current to flow through the circuit
400
What are tools to separate mixtures? Name at least 4.
magnet: separate magnetic objects
example: iron filling and sand (N.I.C.S)
if a magnet is being used, it is trying to separate a mixture that is magnetic.
filter paper: separates solids and liquids
Example: water and sand
water: separates solids that dissolve in water
Example: salt and sugar in water
sieve/strainer: separates smaller pieces from larger pieces.
Example: pebbles and sand
colander: separates liquids and larger objects
Example: water and pasta
tweezers: separates very small pieces (time consuming)
Ex: salt and pepper
separatory funnel: separates liquids based on density
hands: things that are large enough to grab
Example: pencil in a pencil bag
500
What causes day and night?
what causes seasons?
what causes different moon phases?
Earth rotating on its axis causes day and night?
Earth tilt and revolving around the sun causes seasons.
The moon orbiting around Earth causes different moon phases.
500
How does state of matter particle behave? what is their shape and volume?
Solid - particle tightly packed, vibrate in place, definite shape and volume
Liquid - particles are close but can slide past each other, no definite shape BUT definite volume
Gas - particles are loose and float freely, NO definite shape and volume NO definite volume
500
What a should be included in an experimental investigation?
Hypothesis: A proposed explanation for a phenomenon, used as a basis for further investigation.
Independent Variable: The independent variable is the factor that you change or control in an experiment to see how it affects the outcome. It’s what you are testing.
Dependent Variable: The dependent variable is the factor that you measure or observe in the experiment. It depends on the independent variable and shows the results of the changes made.
Control: A standard for comparison in an experiment, usually the group that does not receive the experimental treatment.
Conclusion: A summary of the results of an experiment that reflects on the hypothesis.
Multiple trials: at least three
Tools: a ruler, stopwatch, etc.
Data collection: accurate data collection
500
What is Thermal Energy?
What is Mechanical Energy?
What is Light Energy?
What is Chemical Energy?
What is Sound Energy?
What is Electrical Energy?
Thermal Energy: Energy that comes from the temperature of matter; the higher the temperature, the more thermal energy.
Mechanical Energy: The sum of potential and kinetic energy in an object that is used to do work.
Light Energy: a form of energy that allows us to see objects.
Ex:Can be reflected (bounce off), refracted (bends and passes through), or absorbed (neither reflected or refracted)
Chemical Energy: Energy stored in substances like food, batteries, and fuels
Sound Energy: form of energy caused by vibrations that produce sound waves that can be heard
Electrical Energy: a form of energy used when an object is connected to a completed/closed circuit
500
what is all eight phases of the moon?
