Rocks and Earths History
Fossils
Evidence that an organism once existed in an area
What is evolution?
Change in a kind of organism over time;process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms
What is a transverse wave?
A wave that moves the medium in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the wave travels
What is technology?
Technology is how people change the world around them to meet their needs or to solve practical problems
What is the Law of Superposition?
States that as rock deposits in layers, the older layer is on the bottom and the younger layer is on top
Charles Darwin
Charles was a English naturalist who was born in England and published On the Origin of Species.Charles Darwin was a naturalist who collected plants, animals and their fossils. He also collected specimens of new species in his travels. He did a lot of his work in the Galapagos Islands.
examples of mechanical waves
Water waves
Sound
Waves traveling through a spring
How does science relate to technology?
Science is the study of the natural world to understand how it functions. Technology changes or modifies the natural world to meet human needs
What do each of the three rocks teach us about past environments?
Sedimentary- ancient rivers, lakes, oceans, sands
Igneous- type of volcanic activity
Metamorphic- volcanic and/or temperature inside earth
What was Darwins hypothesis (his big idea)?
His big idea was evolution by natural selection(survival of the fittest)
What is a Punnett square?
A Punnett square gives us probable offspring outcome
Emerging technology
Those that are just beginning to become widely available
Since they are new, these technologies are expensive and may not work perfectly
Why is it difficult for an organism living in the rainforest to become a fossil?
The large amount of rain causes rapid decay of dead organisms.
Natural selection
A natural process resulting in the evolution of organisms best adapted to the environment.
Three types of sound wave interaction
Reflection
Absorption
Echo
A technology system includes:
Goal (purpose)
Inputs (what you put in)
Process (sequence of actions)
Output (what comes out of the system)
Feedback (response)
Why isn't igneous rock a good place to look for fossils?
Because the lava and magma can destroy a fossil. There is also extreme temperatures
What were Darwin’s four pieces of evidence for his theory on evolution?
Species can produce more offspring that are needed to replace them(regardless of species)
Conditions in the environment affect an individual's chances of survival
Individual organisms are different and have features,or adaptations,that better suit them for survival
Some of these variations can be inherited
How does sound react with different surfaces?
The harder the surface, the more sound is reflected(louder)
The softer the surface,the more sound is absorbed(softer)
Know the 7 steps to designing technology.
Identifying a Need
Engineers identify and define a problem they are trying to solve
Researching a Problem
Engineers gather information that will help them in their design
Design a Solution
Coming up with ideas or thinking about different ways to solve a problem
Building a Prototype
A model of the technology /product. They are used to test how well a product or technology will work
Troubleshooting and Redesign
Identify any problems found on the prototype and make adjustments
Communicating the Solution
Communicate to the public how their product will meet their needs
Patent
Legal document issued by the government that gives the inventor to make,use, or sell their product for a certain time