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Weathering and Erosion
Simple Machines
Powders and Crystals
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100
What is weathering?
the process of breaking down the lithosphere (rock) into sediment
100
Work can be defined as (remember, do not give the formula here!)
moving an object through a distance
100
A powder can be defined as:
a substance consisting of finely pulverized or ground-up particles
100
Name the three types of rocks.
Igneous, Sedimentary, Metamorphic
100
A seesaw is an example of what type of simple machine?
Lever
200
What is the driving force behind erosion?
Gravity
200
Am I doing work? Holding a textbook straight in the air.
NO! You are not moving an object through a distance.
200
A crystal can be defined as:
a solidified form of a substance in which the molecules are arranged in a definite pattern that occurs in three-dimensions
200
Small piece of weathered rock are known as
sediments
200
What is the primary agent of erosion?
Running Water
300
What are the four main agents of erosion?
wind, water, ice, and waves
300
What is friction?
A force that opposes motion
300
Name the three states of matter, and, draw how their molecules are arranged.
Solid (very very close together); liquid (loose); gas (free moving)
300
Inertia is:
an object in motion tends to stay in motion, while an object at rest tends to remain at rest unless acted upon by an opposing force.
300
The lithosphere can be defined as __________ while the hydrosphere can be defined as _______________. (fill in the blanks)
Lithosphere: Rocky shell layer of the earth Hydrosphere: all water covering the earth's lithosphere
400
Describe the difference between chemical and mechanical weathering.
Chemical-changing the chemical make up of the rock (ex. rust) Mechanical-changing the physical appearance of the rock (root pry, gravitational pull).
400
Define the following: Wheel and Axle lever Inclined Plane
Wheel and Axle-wheel connected to rod or pole/turn at the same time, move in same direction Lever-bar that pivots or ratites around a fixed point to move a load Inclined plane-flat surface that is raised at one end like a ramp
400
Name all the indicators we used to identify our mystery substance:
Water, BTB, Iodine, vinegar,
400
This has a definite volume and a definite shape
Solid (state of matter)
400
Kayla lifted her 150 pound back pack 5 feet into the air. How much work did she do?
750 foot pounds (they need to have foot-pounds in order to receive credit!)
500
Describe the rock cycle, specifically, by stating how the three types of rocks can become one another.
Sedimentary to igneous-->melt/cool/crystalize Sedimentary to Metamorphic-->Increase heat and pressure Igneous to Sedimentary-->Weathering and erosion/cementation and compaction Igneous to Metamorphic-->Increase heat and pressure Metamorphic to Igneous-->Melt/Cool/Crystalize Metamorphic to Sedimentary-->Weathering and erosion, compaction and cementation
500
Provide real world examples for the 6 simple machines we studied.
Answers will vary, Mrs. K needs to collect these and see!
500
Define the following: Saturation Solution Soluble Insoluble
Saturation-material has soaked up all that it can, no more water can be dissolved solution-liquid substance containing dissolved material soluble-substances that dissolve in water insoluble-substances that do not dissolve in water
500
Describe what is means for a rock to be clastic.
Clastic means it was not formed from organic material--simply formed from compaction/cementation of other rocks
500
What are compound machines? State the definition and provide an example.
two or more simple machines that work together to make work easier (ex. bike)