Elements and Compounds
What is an element?
A simple substance that cannot be broken down and the things that make up everything we know.
What are 2 ways of separating mechanical mixtures?
Sifting/filter, settling, floating, magnets
What is mass?
It is the total of all the protons, neutrons, and electrons within an object. In other words, mass is the total amount of "stuff" that makes up an object.
What is a mechanical mixture? Give an example.
A mixture of more than one substances where you can see the difference between the substances. Ex. Cereal, trail mix, pizza
The particle theory applies to all _______.
Matter
What is the chemical compound of water? You must name the elements, not just the chemical letter.
H20-Hydrogen and Oxygen
What is considered a universal solvent?
Water
What is volume?
The amount that something can hold or the amount of volume that can fit into an object or space.
What is a solution? Give an example.
A mixture of more than one substances where you cannot see the difference between the substances with the unaided eye. Ex. Chocolate milk, smoothie, soil, juice, pop, copper
Particles ______ each other.
Attract
What is a compound?
A pure substance that is made up of multiple elements.
What is the boiling point of water?
100 degrees celcius
When a substance is not able to dissolve into another substance.
What is insoluble?
What are the two parts that make up a solution?
Solute and Solvent
_______ have ______ between them
Particles:Space
List 3 elements that are on the period table of elements including the short form. Oxygen and Hydrogen do not count.
Potassium, Iron, Gold, Silver etc.
If it is on the periodic table, it counts.
What is one way of separating a solution?
Distillation or evaporation
What is density?
Density is a substance's mass per unit of volume. So if the atoms of a substance are close together then it is a low ratio of mass to volume then is it high density.
What is a solute and a solvent?
Solute- the substance that gets dissolved into the solvent
Solvent- the substance that absorbs the solute
Particles move ______ when they are _______.
Faster:Heated
What do the small numbers mean in the top right corner of each element on the periodic table?
The atomic number- the number of protons in the nucleus of each atom.
What are the 5 most common compounds? Bonus points if you can name the elements involved in 2 of them.
Sugar (sucrose - C12H22O11)
Table salt (sodium chloride - NaCl)
Water (H2O)
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Sodium bicarbonate (baking soda - NaHCO3)
The degree to which a substance can be dissolved in another substance to make a solution.
What is Solubility?
What is the difference between a concentrated solution and a diluted solution?
Concentrated: The ratio of solute to solvent is low
Diluted: The ratio of solute to solvent is high
All matter is made up of ________ _________.
Particles are ______ all the time.
invisible particles:moving