Fluids Everywhere
What are fluids?
Substances that flow.
What is a key characteristic of fluids?
They take the shape of their container (except gases).
They have the ability to flow.
Name a substance with a high viscosity and one with a low viscosity.
E.g. syrup vs. soy sauce.
What is the definition of fluid mechanics?
The study of fluids and how they behave when at rest and when moving.
What are two fluids that are essential for life?
Water and air.
Name the points listed in the particle theory.
- all matter is made up of tiny particles
- particles have empty spaces between them
- particles are moving randomly all the time
- particles move faster and spread farther apart when heated
- particles attract each other
What is cohesion?
The force of attraction between the particles of a substance.
What is the definition of fluid dynamics?
A part of the study of fluid mechanics concerned with how fluids move.
What percentage of the human body is made up of water?
60-70%
What is laminar flow and turbulent flow?
Laminar flow- a mooth pattern of flow
Turbulent flow- an irregular, mixing flow pattern
What is flow rate?
Measures the volume of fluid moving past a certain point in a given amount of time.
What is the difference between aerodynamics and hydrodynamics?
Aerodynamics are concerned with how gases move. Hydrodynamics are concerned with how liquids move.
Name 5 fluids in the human body.
What is an eddy?
An area of slower-moving fluid that occurs behind an obstacle.
What is surface tension?
The cohesion of particles on a liquid's surface.
Name two ways the fluids are controlled in the food industry.
1. The use of ethylene gas
2. Using bubbling hydrogen gas to produce margarine or shortening.
What are two systems in the human body that make, use, or move fluids?
circulatory system, respiratory system, urinary system
What is the definition of streamlined?
A smooth shape designed to decrease resistance to fluid flow.
What is adhesion? Use an example in your explanation.
The attraction between the particles of one substance and the particles of another substance.
E.g. A thin layer of film left on a glass of milk.
Name three ways that blood flow is controlled in the human body.
1. Blood thinners- prevent blood clots from forming
2. Medication to prevent too much blood clotting (hemophilia)
3. Artificial hearts- pump blood through the body