AP Bio
Name the formula for cellular respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 ---> 6CO2 + 6H20 + energy?
Which organic molecule is found in the most cells?
glucose
6: frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital lobes, cerebellum, brainstem
What are the four macromolecules?
Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.
How many biomes are there, give 3 examples
5: aquatic, grassland, forest, desert and tundra
What is the difference in function between the two endoplasmic reticulums?
smooth ER: lipid synthesis and detox
rough ER: protein translation
Name the three types of chemical bonds.
Ionic bonds, covalent bonds, and metallic bonds.
This part of the nervous system is responsible for controlling involuntary functions such as heartbeat, digestion, and breathing.
autonomic nervous system
The kidney is an organ that collects wastes and excess water from the blood and sends them to the bladder where they are stored before being removed from the body. Which two systems work together to perform this function?
(1) immune and respiratory
(2) circulatory and excretory
(3) skeletal and nervous
(4) digestive and circulatory
2) circulatory and excretory
The endocrine system main function are?
helps in growth, metabolism , mood and reproduction
If the DNA strand to be transcribed 5'-ACG GGT AAG-3' this is the mRNA strand that is formed.
3'-UGC CCA UUC-5'
The tendency for how well an atom wants to keep their electrons is known as ?
electronegativity
Name 2 examples of hormones produced by the pituitary gland
growth hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, lutenizing [LH] and follicle stimulating hormone [FSH]
A decrease in predators within an ecosystem would lead to an increase in herbivores. The increase in herbivores would cause a decrease in
(1) decomposers (2) prey (3) consumers (4) producers
4
Hypothyroidism is defined as?
thyroid gland is producing too little of the thyroid hormone [due to iodine deficiency]
Give an example of positive feedback or of negative feedback in the body.
[-] insulin & blood sugar: When blood sugar rises, insulin helps cells absorb glucose, lowering the sugar level. If blood sugar drops too low, glucagon signals the liver to release stored glucose, restoring balance.
[+] Oxytocin triggers uterine contractions, which push the baby toward the birth canal. This stimulates more oxytocin release, strengthening contractions until childbirth is complete.
Name three intermolecular forces.
VDW/London Dispersion forces, dipole-dipole, dipole-induced dipole, and hydrogen bonds
These organs are known for stimulating the stress response
adrenal glands
differentiate between (simply): transcription and translation
transcription: DNA becomes RNA
translation: RNA becomes protein
what time period did the t-rex live in
cretaceous period, 83.6 to 66 million years ago
What do each of these 3 symbols mean: ΔH, ΔG and ΔE?
ΔH: Heat of enthalpy; heat released/absorbed in a rxn via reactants n products
ΔG: Gibbs free energy of a rxn; how spontanteous a rxn is
ΔE: change in Energy
Name one element that can have an expanded octet.
phosphorus, chlorine, xenon, bbromin, iodine
Acromegaly is a condition that results in what? From the disorder of what?
disorder of the pituitary gland resulting in excessive growth hormone releaseex.
Andre the Giant
The process of differentiation occurs when
(1) two different cells, a sperm cell and an egg cell, combine to produce a zygote
(2) different zygotes are formed each time that an egg and sperm unite
(3) different kinds of cells and tissues form during embryonic development
(4) two different sexes are present among the offspring, after sexual reproduction
3
In the acronym OLD CARTS, what does CARTS mean/stand for?
character, aggravating factors, relieving factors, timing, severity