What is a physical change that occurs when matter changes to another state (i.e., liquid, gas, or solid)
100
electromagnetic radiation
What is the emission and propagation of the entire range of the electromagnetic spectrum including: gamma rays, x-rays, ultraviolet radiation, visible light, microwaves, and radio waves
100
density
What is concentration of matter of an object; number of individuals in the same species that live in a given area; the mass per unit volume of a substance in a given area
100
electron
What is a stable elementary particle that is negatively charged and orbits the nucleus of an atom
200
acceleration
What is rate of change in velocity, usually expressed in meters per second; involves an increase or decrease in speed and/or a change in direction
200
chemical change
What is a reaction or a change in a substance produced by chemical means that results in producing a different chemical
200
conduction
What is the transmission of heat through a medium and without the motion of the medium
200
dependent variable
What is factor being measured or observed in an experiment
200
energy
What is a quantity that describes the capacity to do work; a source of usable power
300
amplitude
What is in any periodic function (e.g., a wave) the maximum absolute variation of the function
300
circuit
What is an interconnection of electrical elements forming a complete path for the flow of current
300
conservation of energy
What is a fundamental principle stating energy cannot be created nor destroyed but only changed from one form to another
300
efficiency
What is the relative effectiveness of a system or device determined by comparing input and output
300
energy transfer
What is a change of energy from one form to another (e.g., mechanical to electrical, solar to electrical)
400
atom
What is the smallest unit of a chemical element that can still retain the properties of that element
400
compound
What is compound a substance made up of a combination of two or more elements held together by chemical bonds that cannot be separated by physical means
400
convection
What is heat transfer in a gas or liquid by the circulation of currents from one region to another
400
diffraction
What is the change in direction of a wave caused by passing by an obstacle or traveling through an opening
400
entropy
What is a measure of randomness or disorder of a closed system
500
calorie
What is unit of energy; the amount of heat needed to raise one gram of water one degree Celsius at standard atmospheric pressure
500
condensation
What is the process of changing from a gas (i.e., water vapor) to a liquid (i.e., dew); the act of making more dense or compact
500
crest
What is the peak or highest point on a wave
500
element
What is a substance that cannot be reduced to a simpler substance by chemical means
500
evaporation
What is the process in which a liquid is converted to its vapor phase by heating the liquid