Force and Motion
What is force?
A push or pull
2. The farther you pull back the spring in the pinball machine, the ___________ the ball will travel when released.
Faster and Farther
The tendency to pull other objects toward it
Attraction
A student rides a bicycle at different speeds. How would the kinetic energy of the bicycle change as the speed increases?
Kinetic energy increases as speed increases
Anything that has _____ also has gravity
Mass
What is motion?
The change in an object’s position with respect to time and in comparison to the position of other objects used as reference points
As the ball falls toward the hole at the bottom of the pinball machine, its potential energy ___________ and its kinetic energy ___________.
Decreases; increases
The tendency to push other objects away from it
Repulsive
Which of the following correctly describes the relationship between kinetic energy and speed?
Kinetic energy increases as speed increases
Who discovered gravity
Sir Isaac Newton
What can forces cause?
Forces can cause a change in motion and direction.
In a pinball machine, when you pull back the lever with the spring to shoot the ball, you are storing __________ energy in the spring
Elastic potential energy
What is an electromagnetic force?
It is charged particles that act on each other across a distance. The particles usually fall into a line or pattern.
Mark rolls a heavy ball and a light ball downhill from the same height. Which ball will have more kinetic energy at the bottom?
The heavy ball
The closer two objects are to each other, the ________ the gravitational force
Greater
What happens when an object is in motion?
Potential energy is changed into kinetic energy.
In a pinball machine, what is the primary force that causes the ball to fall toward the hole at the bottom?
Gravity
_______________ run on electricity and they are only magnetic when the electricity is flowing
Electromagnetic
Which of the following represents the relationship between kinetic energy (KE), mass (m), and speed (v)?
KE = m * v
The force between two masses
Gravitational Forces
What do forces result in?
Forces result in a change in the speed or direction of motion.
When the spring is released in a pinball machine, the stored elastic potential energy is converted into:
Kinetic energy
When an electric current flows through a wire, a magnetic field is created. To increase the power of the magnetic field, ________
Increase the numbers of coils in the wire
What is Joules?
Used to measure kinetic energy.
Many planets in our solar system (Saturn, Uranus, Neptune) have rings. If these rings are made of chunks of debris, why do they form around the planet and not travel toward the Sun?
The rings are much closer to the planets than to the sun. Hence, there will be a greater gravitational pull toward the planets than to the sun.