Chapter 1
How do liquid water, ice, and water vapor differ from each other?
They are different states of matter.
The force of a gas’s outward push divided by the area of the walls of the container is the gas’s
pressure
This man’s model of the atom looked like a sphere or marble
Dalton
Who discovered the electron?
the alkali metals
True or false:
Physical changes occur when existing bonds break and new bonds form.
False
The ability to do work or cause change describes
energy
True or false:
Particles in a liquid move around just as freely as particles in a solid.
False
In general, which of the following statements about metals is true?
Metals are malleable, ductile, and can carry an electric current.
An ionic bond is the attraction between
oppositely charged ions.
What happens when chemical bonds break and new bonds form?
a chemical change
The change in which ice absorbs energy and melts is a(n)
endothermic change
The opposite of vaporization is called
condensation
This is the most common element in the universe
hydrogen
Which of the following is NOT a property of metal?
a good insulator
CaCO3 represents a chemical
formula
Table salt and water are examples of
substances
The state of matter in which particles are arranged in either a crystalline or an amorphous form is
solid
This is the most common element in the universe
metals
Why are alloys generally used to make everyday object?
Alloys are often stronger and less reactive than pure metals
In chemical reactions, what does the principle of conservation of mass mean?
Matter is not created or destroyed
The measurement of how much mass is contained in a given volume is called
density
During the process of sublimation,
a solid turns directly into a gas.
Who discovered the electron?
Thomson
Ionic compounds are electrically
neutral
Chemistry is...
the study of matter and how matter changes.